While applying basic fertilizers to protected vegetable land, a large amount of topdressing should be carried out during the growth process. Fertilization is one of the more common methods. Because it is convenient to use, fast to absorb, and has good fertilizer efficiency, it has been recognized by farmers' friends, but Pay attention to the following questions when applying:
First, the use of less volatile or less volatile fertilizer for fertilization on the ground.
The amount of ventilation in the protected area is relatively small, and harmful gases can easily accumulate in the protected area, causing harmful gas poisoning. Therefore, volatile fertilizers should not be used for ground flushing.
In the application method, when applying fertilization, the solid fertilizer should be dissolved into water in advance to be dissolved, and the mother liquor should be made, then flushed with water (organic fertilizer application should be carried out about 10 days in advance, and the supernatant should be flushed with water. Shi). Do not directly spread chemical fertilizers, and then water irrigation facilities, so as to avoid uneven fertilization, local concentration is too high, the phenomenon of burning root.
Second, the fertilization fertilizer concentration should be appropriate. The amount of water used for fertilization is generally large, and fertilizer is highly diluted when fertilized. If the amount of fertilizer is insufficient, if the fertilizer concentration is too low, the fertilizer efficiency will be poor, and the effect due to fertilizer will not be achieved. If the fertilizer is excessively large, or if the amount of water used for fertilizer application is insufficient, the concentration of fertilizer solution is too high, then the burned root is prone to occur. .
For volatile fertilizers, when the concentration of fertilizer solution is too high, the amount of harmful gases that volatilize into the air is relatively increased, and the chance of harmful gas poisoning also increases. Generally speaking, when watering with the normal amount of water, the fertilization amount of solid fertilizer can be fertilized at about 120% of the conventional surface fertilization amount. The fertilization amount of the liquid fertilizer is appropriate after the fertilizer liquid is mixed into the water, and the water is slightly cloudy. . The special flush fertilizer sold on the market can be carried out according to the instructions.
Third, the amount of water should be suitable
Fertilization and fertilizer application should not be flooded to avoid or reduce the loss of nutrients in fertilizers. However, it is also not possible to use too little water, to prevent fertilizers from excessively high concentrations of fertilizers, and to cause surface salinization after long-term high-level fertilization.
The specific watering amount should be determined according to the type of soil, the type of cultivated earthworms, and the cultivation period of the vegetables. The appropriate amount of water for watering, the water can wet the soil in the main distribution area of ​​the root. After watering, insert a wooden stick into the ground to check the wetness of the soil to determine the appropriate amount of water.
Fourth, pay attention to balanced fertilization
Some peasant friends have identified a fertilizer and used it as a “universal fertilizer.†This results in excessive use of a single nutrient and causes a physiological disease in the vegetables. The correct method is based on the different growth and development stages of vegetables, balanced fertilization, alternating application of various fertilizers.
5. Pay attention to the prevention of gas damage after applying fertilizer in greenhouses
In winter, the greenhouse is closed for a long time. If no attention is paid to ventilation after fertilization, indoor sheds tend to accumulate harmful gases and cause gas damage to vegetables. Therefore, in the winter when it is cloudy, care should be taken to avoid using unfamed chicken manure and fertilizers with high nitrogen content. Bioorganic fertilizers can be applied to strengthen the root system.
In addition, when it is necessary to top-dress the vegetables during the latter part of the growing season, you can choose to have a sunny morning and pass a small breeze after dressing. In case of gas damage, timely remedial measures should be taken: First, timely soil loosening and ventilation should be strengthened so that harmful gases can be emitted to the shed as soon as possible, and the wind should be properly ventilated even on cloudy days. Place large noon at morning and evening, or put temperature at low temperatures. When it is released. The second is to spray plant growth regulators such as cytokinin and adenosine to promote the recovery of damaged crops as soon as possible.
Six, red fertilization should not be commonly used
It is understood that many vegetable farmers have applied excessive fertilization and excessive fertilization, resulting in unfavorable phenomena such as soil compaction, rooting, and wilting of vegetable crops in greenhouses. In some places, they have even become limiting factors constraining high yields and quality, which should cause widespread The attention of vegetable farmers. Fertilizer fertilization is usually done with water-soluble fertilizers, mainly nitrogen and potassium fertilizers, with low phosphorus content, trace elements such as calcium and magnesium are minimal, and some types of fertilization also contain humic acids.
The effect of redistribution is limited to the soil surface, and with plastic film coverage, the temperature in the greenhouse is relatively high, and the surface roots are large in quantity. If low-temperature cold flows are encountered or some poor quality fertilizers are used, burning roots are often prone to occur and cause rot. One-sided use of large amounts of nitrogenous fertilizers and misuse of fertilized fertilizers will also lead to lengthy vegetables, deteriorating quality, lower fertilizer use efficiency, and exacerbating soil salinity in greenhouses.
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