At present, China has introduced varieties to maintain its high level of resources. However, despite the fact that the quality of breeding pigs in China is very similar to that of European and American countries, the gap in production performance is not small. According to statistics, each domestic sow provides 15 live piglets per year, 20 in the United States and 22 in Denmark.
Low reproductive performance of sows has been plaguing domestic farms on a large scale, so the hidden waste of pig farms is also heart-rending. How to improve the overall reproductive performance of sows is one of the common concerns in the industry.
Breeding pigs have 5 different domestic and international scores
At the seminar on nutrition and reproductive performance of sows held in Foshan recently, Min Shiyan, deputy director of the National Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, stated that the traditional way to improve sow reproductive performance is to rely on genetic improvement of breeds. Variety is one of the foundations that determine the reproductive performance of sows. China's annual input of tens of millions of subsidies is used for variety improvement. At the same time, since the 1980s, China has continued to introduce pigs from developed countries abroad. Breeding pigs in every developed pig breed in Europe and America have been introduced to the country.
"It can be said that any pig breed with high reproductive performance in the world can be found in our country, such as the US Department, plus the Department, Dan Department." A person in charge of a pig farm in Guangdong revealed that China's annual introduction of the cost is not bad, can It is said that the quality of breeding pigs in China is not bad after repeated introduction for many years. But at the same time, he also stated that any species that come to China must be greatly reduced in reproductive performance.
The person in charge said that he wanted to improve the sow's reproductive performance through introduction, but the results were far from satisfactory and could even be described as “worseâ€.
It is understood that there is a big gap between China's sow reproductive performance and foreign countries. Yan Shiyan revealed that currently, each sow in China provides 15 weaned piglets per year, 20 in the U.S. and 22 in Denmark, with a minimum of 5 gaps.
Obviously, this kind of production performance is incompatible with the current China's existing swine resources, which has also caused huge losses to the pig industry in China.
The number of weaned piglets provided by sows is an important measure of the level of management of a farm. Zhu Zhongping, technical director of Hunan Agricultural University’s Animal Pharmaceuticals, pointed out at a forum that if 10,000 pig farms are used as an example, if each sow provides 20 weaned piglets, 500 breeding sows are needed; if 16 weaned piglets are provided, they need to be There were 625 sow breeding sows with a difference of 125 sows. According to each sow needs an annual feed of 1 ton, the latter needs to spend 125 tons of feed. The feed cost for each sow is close to 3,000 yuan per year, so the feed cost for 125 sows is about 370,000 yuan. If you count the cost of equipment, labor, etc., the farm will spend an additional 400,000 yuan a year.
If 40% of this 400,000 yuan is used to improve the nutrition of sows, each sow can receive 200-320 yuan per year for nutrition; if this 400,000 yuan is used to reward employees, the average worker can receive management incentives. The prize is very impressive.
The same variety, why is the gap so great? How did this difference come from?
You can add functional amino acids from nutrition
Yan Shiyan said that the role of genetic improvement in raising reproductive performance of sows has become less and less. Both at home and abroad have begun to start with nutrition programs to improve breeding performance by improving sow nutrition. He revealed that sows of good breed can discharge more eggs, which can provide more fertilized eggs to a certain extent, so as to produce more weaned piglets and eventually improve the breeding performance of sows. This is normal thinking. . However, having more fertilized eggs does not mean that more piglets can be produced.
According to research, at present, there are 17 sows ovulated in average in China, and there are 16.2 fertilized eggs. During the period from ovulation to insemination, the number of eggs does not change much. However, by the 25th day of gestation, there were only 12.3 embryos, a decrease of 24%. This is the period when the sow's reproductive stage has changed the most.
Yan Shiyan pointed out that 25 days of pregnancy is the implantation time of fertilized eggs. From these data, the current rate of embryo implantation in Chinese sows is not high, and it can even be said to be a failure. Therefore, the number of sows born can be increased by increasing the embryo implantation rate.
However, the development of embryos in the uterus is very complicated. Embryo implantation is also affected by many factors. How to improve the embryo implantation rate?
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According to reports, the current research on nitric oxide has penetrated into all life sciences. Studies have found that nitric oxide is involved in follicular development, oocyte maturation, ovulation, embryo implantation, and embryonic development in female animals.
Wang Chunping, general manager of Asia-Pacific Xingmu (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., said that in the body, nitric oxide is the product of arginine biochemistry. Therefore, adding arginine to feed can increase the output of nitric oxide and increase Embryo implantation rate, in turn, increased litter size and sow reproductive performance.
Lin Yingcai, deputy director of the Institute of Animal Husbandry of the Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, pointed out that functional amino acids have a certain effect on the reproductive performance of sows, and arginine does improve the reproductive performance of sows.
Yan Shiyan pointed out that in nutritional solutions for sow reproductive performance disorders, in addition to arginine, there are other trace elements such as lysine and calcium and phosphorus.
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