Black spot and rust spot are two common diseases of mushroom cultivation. Affects both production and quality. The control methods are as follows: 1. Black spot Black spot is a bacterial disease caused by Pseudomonas. After the onset of disease, Flammulina velutipes has an oval brown or dark brown spot on its cap. The needle tip was at the beginning. After expansion, the diameter reached 2-4 mm. The edges were neat and the cap sometimes cracked. The disease is mainly caused by the harmful bacteria. The diseased cap spreads to the adjacent fruiting body. In severe cases, the entire cap becomes black with a slight odor. When the disease is heavy, it affects the production and commercial quality of the mushroom. When the disease is heavy, the mushroom loses its food value. Prevention and control methods: The most important control of black spot mushroom mushroom is to control the appropriate temperature and humidity. When the mushroom room is sprinkling water, do not sprinkle water directly on the fruit body of Enoki mushroom, in particular, spray it with cold water, otherwise it will make the mushroom cover absorb too much water and induce black spot disease. The moisture in the mushroom house should not exceed 90% for a long time. It depends on the weather changes and the sunny sprinkling is light, diligent and fine. Increase the ventilation after each watering and then cover the film. The indoor temperature during the fruiting period should be adjusted to below 17°C. It is necessary to reasonably arrange the inoculation time so that the fruiting time will not end when the daily temperature does not rise above 19°C. Mushrooms should be removed in time after onset and sprayed with 100-200 units of agricultural streptomycin per ml or 600 times of bleach. Second, the rust spot rust is caused by Pseudomonas, the diseased velveteen mushroom cap produces rusty spots. The main infestation mushroom mushroom cap. In the early stage, it was needle-shaped, and it expanded into sesame size afterwards. The edges were not neat, and lesions could combine with each other to form irregular large rust spots. The pathogenic bacteria of this disease are widely distributed in nature and exist in culture materials and floating in the air. The rust spot disease is prone to occur under conditions of high temperature, high humidity and poor ventilation. Control methods: In order to prevent rust spot disease, do not sprinkle the water directly to the fruiting body when spraying the mushroom house to prevent the accumulation of water on the material surface. After being sprayed, promptly ventilated, the relative humidity of the indoor air should not exceed 95% for a long time. The surface of the plastic bag must be covered with a plastic film before the moisture of the fruit body is allowed to dry and then covered. In the early stage of disease, the pathogens are prevented from spreading to healthy fruiting bodies and sprayed with 50% carbendazim 800 times solution or 100-200 units of agricultural streptomycin per ml.
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