1 base selection
In the future, most of the processing enterprises have built their own understanding of the vegetable production base, and the enterprise construction understands that the vegetable production base is best contiguously planted to ensure the real-time implementation and accurate application of various production techniques. The quality of the base land should be in line with the premise of the NY5010 pollution-free food and vegetable production. The choice of soil fertility, drainage and drainage, fertilizer and water retention of sandy loam or middle soil plate, pH 7-8 is most suitable. In addition, we must also consider the traffic premise to reduce transportation costs and facilitate monitoring and guidance.
2 Base plan
According to the strategy of continuous growth, consider the two aspects of economic and ecological status, in addition to good field roads, irrigation and drainage measures, seedling measures, storage occasions, etc., but also to green, biogas, sick plants The ecological measures such as disposal and punishment are fostered to promote the base of the pollution-free production of green food and inorganic food, and to further expand the scale of sales of enterprise products.
3 prenatal preparation
The planting area of ​​the production base should be arranged in conjunction with the processing orders of the enterprise. The affirmation of the production base will be held firstly for the production of the farmers (including the farmers and the base management staff), so that they can control some standard requests in the system; Soil fertility. Before the planting, the experimental formula is applied, and every 667 square meters is required to be applied with more than 3000kg of excellent and decomposed soil fertilizer as the base fertilizer. If the spring understands the dish to accept the seedling transplanting method, it is necessary to lay the seedlings and Yangshuo early and fix the film with a membrane.
4 mouthwash
In order to cover the annual processing and sale of kimchi, it is necessary to set up two dishes for at least one year. In order to reduce the cost of production, it is common to accept the method of planting in the open field. The important thing is spring and autumn. The spring harvest is set in the middle of March, and the autumn harvest is set in the 8th to 10th days after the “Liuqiuâ€. It is important to note that the spring harvest is not too late, or the quality of the dish will be significantly reduced, affecting the quality of kimchi.
Xiajian dishes are low temperature, rainy, serious pests and diseases because of the development era, and the summer vegetables are mostly white gangs. It is not suitable for processing kimchi.
5 types of choice
Spring understands dishes to accept early-maturing varieties that are strong in winter and resistant to convulsions, such as the strong and strong spring of Korea, Lu Chunbai No.1 of the vegetable selection of Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences, etc., 60-day development period, green green gang, ball leaf The combination of autumn and autumn can accommodate 87-114 with good moral character and strong resistance, and improved varieties such as Qingza No.3. These two species are late ripe, with 85 days of development, green and green, and overlapping of leaves.
6 Planting management
Spring clear dishes can be transplanted or live broadcast. It is best to accept 8cm diameter nutrient mash, or 72-hole seedling tray for seedlings. The seedling age is 20 days. When planting, the ridges cover the mulch; The small arch of 20cm high covers the mulch, and the mulch is opened after 40 days. Plant 3,000 plants per 667 square meters.
Spring planting vegetables should pay attention to the geothermal temperature in the later stage of development, properly control the watering in the later stage, and after the weather turns warm, pay close attention to watering, topdressing, and water and fertilizer. In all development periods, a total of 2 times of topdressing is required, and watering is combined, and ternary compound fertilizer or urea 10-15kg is applied every 667 square meters.
Autumn clear vegetables should be transplanted by seedling transplanting method. When the seedlings are covered, shade nets are shaded. It is best to accept the insect nets, such as the permission to eliminate low temperature and mites, improve the quality of seedlings, and the seedling age is 25 days. Colonization, planting 2000 plants per 667 square meters. After planting, pay attention to cultivating and weeding, increase the permeability of the soil, drain and cool the water after the rain, and pay attention to add fertilizer and water after the rosette period to enhance the heart and the ball. After planting, a total of 2 to 3 times of topdressing is required. According to the development situation, in the rosette period, the late stage and the middle stage of the ball, combined watering, each time 667 square meters of ternary compound fertilizer or urea 15-20kg.
7 Pest Control
The kimchi processing enterprise has no disease spots and plaques for the indecent request for understanding the dishes, and it is mainly for pests and diseases. In order to avoid seed bacteria, the seeds can be continuously stirred and chilled in hot water at 55 ° C for 15 min. Before the harvest, the nursery bed can receive the treatment of multi-bacteria Xiandan. Each 1 square meter seedbed is mixed with 50% carbendazim 8g to prevent the disease; the development era can be sprayed 1 - 2 times chlorothalonil or more The fungus liquid is held for prevention and treatment. In the autumn clear dishes, in the case of low temperature and rainy years, it is easy to produce viral diseases in the later stage of development, and it is prone to downy mildew in the early stage. The virus disease is transmitted by the locusts. It is necessary to pay attention to the mites during the seedling stage. The virus can be sprayed with the virus A500 times in the early stage of the disease. The early stage of the downy mildew disease can be controlled by spraying 64% of the anti-virus WP 400 times. It is necessary to stop the medication 3 days before the receipt. In addition, soft rot, disease is also one of the rare diseases of vegetables, to pay attention to avoid the formation of wounds on plants due to beneficial insects and wages, rooted in the road, the disease can be prevented by streptomycin sulfate, neomycin.
Spring insect pests are important for Lai worms, which can be sprayed with 600 times Bt emulsion for prevention and control; spring is important to prevent mites damage, physical essentials can accept yellow boards to trap or use silver-gray shade nets to avoid cockroaches, chemical control can use 10% cypermethrin EC 2000 times solution Spray control, but to stop the drug 7 days before harvest. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the prevention of the occurrence of psychological diseases. It is often caused by the lack of trace elements such as calcium, magnesium and boron, which form a clear black spot on the inner leaves of the vegetables.
In addition, the process of accepting and non-cruciferous vegetable rotations can be adopted to eliminate the source of pests and diseases; the insects are removed in real time in the basin, and the fertilizers or deep burial are taken out to eliminate the insect source; Remove the sick body or join the ground to hold the deep burial to eliminate the bacterial source.
8 real-time harvest
The clear dish used for processing kimchi is different from the usual planting in the harvest time and quality request. Because the kimchi processing is good, the best ball is not too tight, so the processed kimchi is the best. As usual, it is the best harvest period when you understand that the ball has reached 70% to 80%.
At the time of harvest, the plants with disease spots and plaques should be removed, and samples should be taken according to the plots and types. The sampled vegetables should be cut from the middle of the ball and the outside of the ball should be reviewed. The normal traits should be: the heart leaves are erected. Excessively elastic, bright yellow, good raw food taste, short middle column, no dark spots in the inner leaves. The clear dish that meets the scale request should be cut off, and the outer layer of the old gang (3 - 4 leaves) will be lost and stored in the preservation thermostat. The pesticides must be tested in batches for the products in the warehouse. The important items tested include methamidophos, cypermethrin, poisonous cockroaches, etc. The over-standard products should not be used for kimchi processing.
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