Chrysanthemum leaf nematode disease is one of the important diseases of chrysanthemum. Distributed in all parts of the world, China's Shanghai, Nanjing, Hefei, Guangzhou, Changsha, Kunming, Zhejiang and other places have occurred. Mainly damage the leaves of chrysanthemum, causing the leaves to yellow and fall off early. In addition to harming chrysanthemums, the nematode also harms many asteraceae plants such as aster, coneflower, dahlia, zinnia and other flowers, as well as flowers such as orchids, lilies, calendula, delphinium, and oleander.
Symptoms: The nematode mainly damages the leaves, but it also infects flower buds and flowers. The lower leaves of the general plant are the first to suffer. The leaves invaded by nematodes quickly turned brown at the point of invasion. Since then, the brown spots have gradually expanded and are limited by veins to form polygonal or irregular brown spots. Finally, the leaf curls, withering, causing a lot of leaves. After the flowers are infected, the flowers do not develop, and even if they bloom, they grow small and deformed. Flower buds, flower buds are dry or degenerate, and some flower buds are swollen and cannot bud. Severe disease on the plant, died before flowering.
Pathogens: The pathogen is Apholonchoides ritsomabsi, which belongs to the genus Stenocladia.
Incidence of pathogenicity: pathogenic nematodes overwintered on diseased plants, diseased bodies, and wild bovine herbivores, bryophytes, delphinium, etc., and generally spread through rainwater and irrigation water, and penetrated into the tissues from leaf stomata. The entire development cycle is completed within the victim organization. As long as the temperature and humidity are suitable, the nematode can reproduce throughout the year.
Prevention and control: (1) Strengthen quarantine to prevent diseased seedlings, diseased plants and their propagation materials from entering disease-free areas. 2 Use healthy, disease-free cuttings as propagation material. Since the leaf nematode does not invade the characteristics of the shoot apical buds, the top bud can be used as a breeding material. 3 Disinfection of garden tools that have been in contact with diseased seedlings and diseased soil. Soil and plant pots used to plant diseased plants should be sterilized. 4 When planting in the open field, it is necessary to prevent water splashing, remove diseased plants in a timely manner, and reduce transmission opportunities. 5 The use of 3% carbofuran granules for acupuncture, 45-75 kg per hectare, has a certain effect.
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