First, the cowhouse temperature
Cows are cold and heat-resistant, but cold has a certain limit. The most suitable temperature for dairy cows is 12°C-14°C. The optimum temperature for pregnant cows and lactating dairy cows is 16°C-20°C; the temperature of lactating dairy cows is higher than 24°C. Or lower than -4°C, the milk yield is reduced; the optimum temperature for the calf is 35°C-38°C.
Second, drinking water temperature
1. Cow milk drinking temperature
Ordinary drinking water temperature: Dairy cows drink cold water, which affects milk production. In the spring, the drinking temperature of cows should be maintained at 9°C-15°C, and the milk production rate of cows drinking 0°C-2°C water should be increased by 8.7%. Drinking bran water temperature: The cow feels thirsty after losing it because of the loss of a lot of water, and the body temperature is lower. At this time, the bran water with a temperature higher than the body temperature of 1°C-2°C is used instead of drinking water to supplement body fluids and warm the body. It is forbidden to drink cold water, otherwise it may cause diseases such as retention of tires and colds.
2. Yak drinking temperature
General drinking water temperature: calf body temperature is higher than adult cattle, general drinking water to 35 °C -38 °C is appropriate. Yak milk temperature: When calf is artificially nursing, regardless of colostrum or regular milk, it should be fed and cooled to 35°C-37°C after heating and sterilizing.
Third, scrub the temperature of the breast water
Before cows are milked, they need to use a dry towel soaked in warm water of 45°C-50°C, scrub the breasts and nipples thoroughly and then massage the breasts. After 1-2 minutes, a "milk" reflex is generated and the milking can begin immediately. Never scrub your nipples with hot or cold water, which will reduce your milk production.
Fourth, the temperature of milk preservation and disinfection
Storage of milk: Newly extruded milk, whose temperature is close to the body temperature of the cattle, will not be cooled and deteriorated if it is not cooled. So, immediately immerse the container in cold flowing water, and lower the temperature of the milk to 4°C-10°C.
Milk disinfection: milk contains a variety of harmful microorganisms, if not sterilized, these harmful microorganisms multiply, making milk rancid deterioration. Disinfection does not use drugs, mainly to adopt "non-high temperature" heating and sterilizing method, that is Pasteur sterilizing method, the method is to heat the milk to 75 °C -80 °C, maintain 15-30 minutes, immediately stop heating.
Fifth, the preservation temperature of bovine semen
Sperm is not afraid of heat, 54.5 °C can make the sperm lose vitality. At present, the use of liquid nitrogen to preserve semen, the temperature is maintained at -196 °C, can make semen do not deteriorate for decades.
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