Choose the type of topdressing. Most people think that spring is the peak period of vegetative growth and requires more nitrogen fertilizer, so purely applying urea is not an option. Fruit trees need more nitrogen fertilizer in spring, but by no means only nitrogen fertilizer. High-nitrogen water-soluble fertilizers are recommended. The high nitrogen is to promote the growth of spring shoots. Although the content of phosphorus and potassium is lower, it can satisfy the mutual coordination of elements and allow fruit trees to obtain more comprehensive nutritional matching.
Topdressing time should be appropriate. The quality of early nutrition directly affects the flowering, fruit setting and fruit development of apple trees. In dryland orchards, it is necessary to strictly grasp the fertilization period and application method. The fertilizer application time should not be too early. It is better to be about 1 week before the bud. After fertilization, a small amount of water should be poured in time to ensure fertilizer efficiency.
How to determine the amount of fertilizer. The amount of topdressing before germination depends on three factors: the amount of fertilizer applied in autumn, tree vigor, and how many flower buds are formed. The bottom fertilizer is insufficient, the tree is weak, and the flower buds are large. Try to increase the amount of fertilizer before budding as much as possible; the bottom is full, the tree is strong, and the amount of flowers is moderate. For some small or large years, this year is a small orchard, and should be topdressed in moderation.
The method of topdressing should be scientific. ①Root fertilization: When fertilizing, fertilize should be applied a little deeper and farther away from the concentrated distribution area of ​​the root system. Nitrogen fertilizer has strong mobility and should be applied shallowly. Phosphate fertilizer has poor mobility and is easy to be fixed in the soil. It is not easy to spread too much when fertilizing. Focused on the root distribution layer. ②Foliar spray fertilizer: The main purpose of foliar spray fertilizer is to supplement medium nutrients such as calcium and magnesium and trace elements such as boron, iron, manganese, and zinc. Orchard for leaflet disease: 0.3 ~ 0.5% zinc sulfate + 0.3 ~ 0.5% urea mixed solution is sprayed 2 or 3 times before sprout in spring to promote leaf spreading. In orchards with abnormal fruit and many skewed fruits, boron fertilizer was sprayed once during the first flowering period and the full flowering period to promote the extension of the pollen tube, improve the fruit setting rate, and protect the flowers and fruits.
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