After October, the weather turned cold, the sunshine was reduced, and bitter gourd entered the final stage of production. During this period, the investment in bitter gourd was relatively reduced, and the sales price of products gradually increased.
During this period, the focus was on the supplementation of foliar fertilizers as the roots began to age and the nutrients in the soil were used in large quantities.
Foliar application of fertilizer is a cost-effective fertilization method. Foliar fertilizer can supply nutrients needed by crops in time to promote crop growth, and achieve strong seedling, disease resistance, sterilization, yield increase and improvement. The role of quality, sometimes mixed with pesticides, can also take into account the dual role of disease prevention and treatment.
Commonly used foliar fertilizers mainly include urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, superphosphate, potassium sulfate and various trace element fertilizers. Other advanced types of foliar fertilizers are: 1. Humic acid foliar fertilizer: generally rot Ammonium amide, humic acid ammonium phosphate, etc. are raw materials, compounded with NPK or trace elements, both solid and liquid; 2, amino acid foliar fertilizer: mainly amino acid components, with trace elements Free or complex state exists, easy to be absorbed by crops; 3, trace element foliar fertilizer: trace element fertilizer application is small, but the soil is easy to fix, thus reducing the application effect.
When foliar fertilization, the amount of nutrients absorbed by the leaves is related to the length of time the solution wets the leaves. The longer the wetting time, the more nutrients the leaves absorb and the better the effect. Under normal circumstances, it is advisable to keep the leaf wet time in 30-60 minutes. Therefore, foliar fertilization is best carried out in the windless weather in the evening; spraying fertilizer in the morning with dew will reduce the concentration of the solution and affect the effect of fertilization. Foliar topdressing can not be carried out on rainy days or before rain, because nutrients are easily leached and can't function as they should. If it rains 3 hours after spraying, it needs to be sprayed once every day, but the concentration should be reduced appropriately. Spraying should be uniform, meticulous and thoughtful. Foliar application requires fine droplets and uniform spraying. Pay special attention to the upper leaves and the back of the leaves. The back of the leaves absorbs nutrients faster than the front and absorbs strongly. The number of sprays should not be too small and should be spaced.
The concentration of crop topdressing is generally low, and the amount of absorption per time is very small, much lower than the demand for crops. Therefore, the number of foliar application should not be less than 2-3 times; due to the autumn rain in October, it is generally not necessary to carry out field hydration. In the light rain, the fertilizer or urea plus potassium sulfate plus phosphoric acid-ammonia can be uniformly applied to the topsoil to save labor costs for fertilization.
After October, the pests and diseases of bitter gourd are mainly diseases. The prevention and treatment method is to select the time when the weather is better, and to apply the liquid medicine in a tight time. If it is rainy, it is best to spray the dust. The drug can be selected from 64% antivirus WP, 25% toxic WP, 40% Ethyl aluminum 200 times solution, 25% metalaxyl, 58% toxic manganese Zn wettable powder, 5-7 days medication Once, use it 3 to 4 times. Or rooting with 75% chlorothalonil 600 times solution, 50% captan 5,000 times solution, 64% antivirus 矾M8 wettable powder 500 times solution, 25% ruthenium and 54% thiram double 1:1 mixture. Or use a dusting agent.
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