Spinach is cold-tolerant, and its growth is like a cold climate. Therefore, it is mainly cultivated in autumn, winter and spring in China. It is very difficult to plant spinach in the hot and rainy season in summer, except for cultivation in high-latitude, high-altitude summer and cold climate. Other areas are difficult to grow. Try the method of sunshade and rain to grow spinach in summer. The yield per mu is over 1500 kg and the price is 6 yuan/kg. The income is very impressive, and the time is short, and you can get a harvest in about 40 days.
1. Protection facilities
The spinach that is sown during the period from May to July belongs to the summer spinach. When planting the summer spinach, it is necessary to use the method of sunshade and rain. The solar greenhouse (winter warm greenhouse) can be used for summer rest period, and the film is covered with a sunshade net to achieve the purpose of sunshade and rain. It can also use the large arch shed, and the film is covered with a shading net to cool down. It is best to use a shade net with a shading rate of 60%. When installing the sunshade net, it is best to leave the shed film 20 cm (the cooling effect is remarkable) and it is convenient to roll.
In the high temperature period from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm on sunny days, the greenhouses and greenhouses are covered with sunshade nets to prevent direct sunlight. When the light is weak before 9:00 am and after 4:00 pm on cloudy or sunny days, the sunshade nets are rolled up. This will prevent high temperatures and allow the spinach to see plenty of sunlight.
In addition, it is best to install a 40-mesh insect net (because of summer insects) around the front of the solar greenhouse and the ventilating windows and greenhouses. This is good for ventilation and insect control. In short, the adoption of sunshade and rain protection measures is the key to the cultivation of spinach in summer.
2, select heat-resistant varieties
More heat-resistant varieties should be used. At Shouguang, K4, K5, K6, K7 and other varieties produced by Holland Bijiu Co., Ltd. are currently used. Shengfeng Pioneer also performed very well. Their common features are more heat-resistant, disease-resistant, convulsion-resistant, fast-growing, and high-yield.
3. Cultivation methods
When the soil in the solar greenhouse or the large arch shed is sandy loam, it can be planted by sputum because it is easy to infiltrate or evaporate. Generally, the width is 1.5 meters. The width of the ridge is 1.15 meters, the width of the ridge is 35 centimeters, and the width of each ridge is 9 centimeters. The plant spacing is 2.50 cm, and the seed is about 1.75 kg.
When the soil in the shed is clay soil, it is better to use ridge cultivation because the soil moisture is not easy to infiltrate or evaporate. Generally, 50 ridges and 1 ridge, 2 rows per ridge, 5 cm per hole, 2 points per hole Granules, generally about 1 kilogram of acre.
4, fertilizer management
Spinach prefers fertile, moist, high-content soils, such as the summer spinach in the solar greenhouse, because the soil is fertile, generally no longer apply base fertilizer; such as in the soil is not fertile new greenhouse or new large arch shed, per acre Fully decomposed chicken manure is about 3 square meters to make the base fertilizer. It is best to use potassium sulphate compound fertilizer for top dressing. The sand soil is applied with 30 kg of potassium sulphate compound fertilizer per acre in 3 times. With the application of water, the amount of spinach is less than before. The clay loam can be applied to 25 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 3 times. Water should be watered in the summer and watered after pouring; the watering can both moisturize and prevent the growth of moss, which is the key to disease prevention. Especially after the emergence of the seedlings, it is very important. If the ground is covered with moss, the spinach will have serious dead and rotten leaves.
5. Pest control
The summer spinach is prone to diseases such as squatting, downy mildew, bacterial rot and other pests such as whitefly and Liriomyza sativae. Generally, on the fifth day after sowing (just after the whole seedling), spray 600 times with 600 times of the big life and 600 times of the powder of the mildew. On the 12th day, spray again with Dasheng and downy mildew, the 20th day and the 28th day. Use Kelu 600 times + avermectin + agricultural streptomycin to spray once, and on the 35th day, spray again with Dasheng + creamer + agricultural streptomycin, which can control the occurrence of diseases. In order to prevent the occurrence of pests, it is best to install insect nets or use yellow plates to trap pests.
6, harvest
When the spinach grows to a height of 30-40 cm (about 40 days), it should be harvested in time. It can also be harvested in advance according to the market price or 1-2 days after the delay. But don't delay too much, because in the summer spinach is prone to decay, so the harvest period should not be late.
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