Cotton is the main cash crop of my farm and is planted around 2000 hectares. In drought years, the average plant damage rate of cotton leafhoppers is about 25%, and individual plots are as high as 40%. In the field from 2005 to 2007, our farms imported predatory mites from the Shipushi Station for the prevention and control of cotton leaf mites for three consecutive years. The control effect was outstanding, and the economic and ecological benefits were obvious.
First, the technical principles Predatory mites are cotton leafhoppers as a food for the benefit of maggots, to control pests to achieve the purpose of controlling pests, can replace chemical control, is one of the measures to increase efficiency. Compared with the traditional prevention and control measures, the first is the safety of humans and animals, in line with the principle of pest control; the second is a clear target of pest control, before the pests harm the crops are controlled; Third, the use of simple, no need for medical equipment and water, low cost, control The effect is good, and the duration of validity is long; Fourth, the prevention and treatment cost of 667 square meters (10 to 15 yuan) is about two times lower than chemical control (20 to 30 yuan), and the labor intensity is low, and the working efficiency is several times higher than that of chemical control.
Second, the promotion of the design According to the characteristics of early occurrence and heavy damage of the cotton leafhopper in my field, it is planned to release the predator in three stages. The first batch of delivery time was June 3-8, the second batch was released on June 9-15, and the third batch was released on June 16-21.
1. According to the monitoring situation of insects, the initial release period of cotton leafhoppers was taken as the best release time.
2. Focus on the poor growth of the cotton and the release of the dry land.
3. The predator bag is hung on the petiole of the cotton leaf blade, the leaves are shaded naturally, 6 bags per 667 square meters are prevented, and 8 to 10 bags per 667 square meters occur mildly in the cotton leafhopper, and the field and cotton leaf are controlled. Moderately heavy weight occurs 15 bags per 667 square meters.
4. Can not use any broad-spectrum insecticides, non-bioinsecticides and acaricides in cotton fields that release predators.
5. 5 to 7 days after the release of the investigation of cotton damage and benefit control situation.
Third, the main measures
1. Insect pest monitoring First, technicians and company wing guards accurately investigate the number of core strains infested by red spiders, and then decide whether or not to release predatory mites based on the planting area of ​​contracted households and the number of identified central plants, and proceed according to the dosing plan. distribution.
2. Promote training During the winter season, carry out the “Science and Technology Winter†campaign and use cable TV to broadcast prey and new technology to workers.
Fourth, the effect of analysis
1. Control effect
From mid-June to the end of June, each company carried out investigations and statistics on the prevalence and control of the occurrence of cotton leafhoppers. 1 to 5 days of proliferation of 2 to 3 meters, 2 to 6 days to spread 2 to 5 meters, 3 to 7 days spread 3 to 6 meters. The rate of the affected plants was investigated on June 23, and the rate of cotton plant damage was 0 after the control of predatory mites, 42.3% of the cotton plants were chemically controlled, and the rate of cotton plant damage was 0 after the predator was controlled on June 28. The affected plant rate was 40.7%.
2. Benefit Analysis 1 Using predatory mites to control cotton leafhoppers, the use of acaricide 2028.6 kilograms in less than 3 years, saving pesticide costs 405,700 yuan.
2 Reduce the number of spraying 3 to 4 times, reducing the labor costs of spraying 16,900 yuan.
3 The cotton fields of 14 companies in our field are applied to the 1,100 hectares of land reclamation technology, 12% increase in cotton fields, 186 tons of lint cotton, and 87 tons of water. The accumulative cost savings for 3 years totaled 3,182,840 yuan.
V. Problems
1. Predatory mites adults and eggs are small and difficult to distinguish on the naked eye.
2. Predatory mites have slow and long-term control effects. Individual workers spray pesticides on their own, resulting in the spread of cotton leaf mites in individual cotton fields.
3. The release of predatory food by individual company teams is not contiguous. The release is small and the area is small. The effect is not satisfactory.
4. Inconvenient transportation, storage facilities are not matched (such as pre-cooling facilities, etc.).
Sixth, the solution
1. Further intensify publicity and training efforts, and make full use of various ways to promote the advantages and methods of use of predatory food.
2. Increase organizational efforts. Due to the time-critical and technical nature of the use of predators, overall arrangements must be made for the organization, overage, release, and release of predators.
3. Do a good job of insect forecasting.
4. The large-scale application and promotion of predators should be based on the contiguous nature of the fields, and adopt a unified investigation, unified collection, unified payment, unified release, unified inspection, inspection, and prevention of the effectiveness of the method to achieve a multiplier effect.
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