Identification and Prevention of Mushroom Sclerotinia

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, also known as tinea sclerotiorum, rosaceae sclerotiorum, is a major disease occurring in the cultivation area of ​​straw mushroom.

1: Symptoms:

The disease occurs after the sowing of the mycelia growth stage and fruiting body formation stage. In the early days of its occurrence, the hyphae on the surface of the stockpiling or mushroom beds were often in a circle of a circle. The mycelium was white, cotton-like, sparse and shiny, and thicker than the mycelium of the straw mushroom. Later, the white hyphae disappeared, and many white small granular sclerotia appeared on the surface of the cover soil. The size was like small grains. It later became yellow to brown, about 1 cm in diameter, and the surface was smooth and shaped like a rapeseed. Infested mushroom bed, the mycelia of Agaricus bisporus gradually disappeared, leaving only a few thicker fungal strains, and the mushroom yield was greatly reduced or even not mushroomed. The resulting fruiting pathogenic bacteria first invaded the base of the mushroom body, the surface was moist and sticky, and finally the entire fruiting body was soft rot.

2: Cause:

The pathogen is Sclerotinia. It grows rapidly at 25-30°C, and the sclerotia produced by the bacteria naturally exist in soil, rice straw or fecal pellets. It is difficult to kill the sclerotia produced in the fermentation process if the feed temperature is too low. Transmission, such as the high temperature and humidity during the germination period, the sclerotia of pathogenic bacteria remaining in the material will initiate mycelium, grow and spread, and secrete toxins, invade the culture medium and fruit bodies, and the infected parts cannot be planted. Infringement, spread quickly. The pathogen is suitable for growing on straw. Therefore, in southern China where straw is used to cultivate edible fungi, the occurrence of this disease is more serious.

3: Control methods:

1 Straw or wheat straw used as a culture material can be soaked in 5-7% lime water for 1 day when cultivated in straw mushroom, and then rinsed with fresh water so that the pH value of the straw does not exceed 9, and then the pile is sowed. The culture material of Agaricus bisporus and other materials must exceed the temperature of 65°C in the fermentation period and perform secondary fermentation to completely eliminate pathogenic bacteria. The proportion of 1000 kg of straw plus 3 bottles of Schererkan can effectively prevent the occurrence of the disease.

2 The soil of the old mushroom bed should be thoroughly cleared, sprayed with 2% formalin, then filled with grass, inoculated, and replaced with new soil.

3 During the germination period, prevent high temperatures and ensure that the material temperature is below 25°C.

3 Once onset, the disease should be excavated immediately and supplemented with feed; it can also be treated with 1% lime water. If a mushroom bed occurs locally, after scooping up the diseased material, spray 100 times Schirkon. The effect is particularly good.

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