I. High-yielding and high-quality cultivation techniques for double-low rapeseed
1. Choose good product, focus on connecting. The use of high-yield, multi-resistance, high-oil double-low rapeseed varieties, concentrated villages, townships and other contiguous planting, prohibiting the cultivation of non-quality rapeseed varieties. 2. timely nursery, nurturing strong seedlings. The soil with fertile soil, convenient irrigation and drainage, and the former non-cruciferous vegetable plots were used as seedbeds. The ratio of seedbeds to fields was 1:5. Fine soil preparation and ditching, and based on the application of basal fertilizer, Mushi Boron 0.5 kg. 3. Open a good three ditch, fine soil preparation. After the harvest, the ridges were ploughed and ditched, and basal fertilizer was applied. Generally dry land is 2-3 meters wide, paddy fields are generally 1.5-2 meters wide, and the width of the ditch is 20-25 centimeters. The ditch depth is 20-30 centimeters. When the field is large, the middle ditch should be opened so that the "three ditch" package can be provided. . 4. Timely transplanting, close planting. Seedling age 30-35 days to start transplanting, generally 6000-10000 per mu. 5. Formula fertilization will apply boron fertilizer. After the harvest, the total fertilizer should be used in combination with site preparation. The total amount of fertilizer applied in Daejeon is 12.5-15 kg per hectare of pure nitrogen, 6-8 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 5-7 kg of potassium oxide. 6. Control field pests and weeds. During the seedbed, it is important to control cabbage caterpillars and aphids.
This technology is suitable for most of the entire Yangtze River basin.
II. Techniques for No-tillage and Transplanting of Double-low Rape Paddy Rice Fields
1. Cultivate strong seedlings. Choose fertile soil, close to water sources, dry land where irrigation and drainage is convenient, or early-middle rice cornices for nursery. The ratio of seedbeds to fields is generally about 1:5. 2. Ditching. Drain the rice before harvest and keep the field moist. Immediately after the rice was harvested, "Sangou" was dug. 3. Chemical weeding. 4. Grab the transplant. Apply base fertilizer, plant early and ensure the quality of transplanting. 5. Daejeon management. The roots of the transplanted rapeseed are shallow and the soil is easy to be compacted. It is easy to prematurely decay in the later period, so it must be managed early and long and stable. Before winter, we should do a good job of cultivating loose soil and roots, increase winter fertilizer, early application, reapply fertilizer to promote spring hair, late application of leaf fertilizer, prevent premature aging.
This technology is suitable for most of the entire Yangtze River basin.
Third, double low rape no-tillage direct broadcast technology
1. Variety selection. The use of late-sowing, rapid seedlings, compact plant type, dense planting, strong resistance to disease, strong yield potential, double low rapeseed varieties. 2. Achieving preparation and broadcasting. The key technology of live rapeseed is to broadcast all seedlings, seedlings, and seedlings. 3. Apply base fertilizer. It is required to apply base fertilizer and seed fertilizer in advance, and the base fertilizer accounts for 30%-40% of the total fertilizer. 4. Appropriate early sowing. It is generally 7-10 days later than seedling transplanting rape. 5. Ditching and earthing. Before the planting, we must level the surface of the car and open up the three ditch to ensure smooth irrigation and drainage. 6. Miao Dingmiao. In the period of 2-3 leaves, early seedlings are to be planted before and after the 4-5 leaf stage, and seedlings will be planted according to the growing conditions of the field and the fertilization level, generally 1.8-2.5 million plants will be planted per acre. 7. Chemical regulation.
For the growing rapeseed from the end of November to the beginning of December, use 15% paclobutrazol per acre 40-50 grams, watered 50 kg spray. 8. Scientific fertilization. In fertilizer management, early application of Miaofei, make-up application of wax fertilizer, early application of re-apply manure, total application of pure nitrogen amount of about 15 kg, balanced application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, boron fertilizer. 9. Disease prevention and pest control. The prevention and control of rapeseed sclerotinia should be the main method. In addition to the measures such as reasonable rotation, seed treatment, ditching and drainage, and reducing humidity, the 50% bacillus sclerotiorum wettability is generally available at the early flowering stage and flowering stage. Powder 80-100 g water evenly sprayed 1-2 times.
This technology is suitable for popularization and application in the Yangtze River Basin.
Fourth, double-low rapeseed machinery covered with no-tillage direct seeding technology
1. Early sowing. The rice should be sown as soon as possible after harvest, and it is best to finish sowing in late September to early October. 2. Reapply base fertilizer. In general, 40-50 kg of NPK fertilizer and 0.5-1 kg of borax are applied per mu, and 1000 kg of farmland fertilizer is applied. 3. Ensure the quality of mechanical trenching and throwing soil, fine sowing. 4. Irrigation promotes complete seedlings and weeds are removed. The end of the machine ditching timely ditch ditch water, promote seed germination, improve the uniformity of emergence. At the same time, after the car is wet, the herbicide acetochlor 120g sprayed to close the seed germination. 5. Appropriate time seedlings to fill seedlings and strengthen field management.
This technology is suitable for popularization and application in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
V. Comprehensive Prevention and Control Technology of Low-temperature Frozen Damage in Rape
1. Select freeze-resistant rape varieties. 2. timely sowing, nurturing strong seedlings. Sowing period is generally from September 15 to October 17. In the seedling stage, it is necessary to apply reasonable fertilizers and cultivate overwintering and strong seedlings. 3. Frost protection before winter. 4. Promote post-frost rapeseed growth and reduce loss of frost damage. After the low-temperature freezing weather is over, it is necessary to promptly clean up the gutters, gutters and gutters, eliminate snow water, reduce the humidity in the fields, and promote the growth of rapeseed. For those early-thawed rape that have been frozen, they should be removed on sunny days in order to promote the growth of the base parts. Avoid rainy days so as not to cause wound rot.
This technology is suitable for popularization and application in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Huanghuai area.
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