1, choose a good seed. Autumn bitter gourd cultivation is at a high temperature and drought. In heavy rainy seasons, the disease is heavier and it is prone to premature aging. The production must use varieties that are resistant to disease, high in yield, strong in resistance, good in merchandise, and strong in growth. After the author's experiment, Changbai bitter gourd is a good variety suitable for cultivation in late autumn.
2, nurture strong seedlings. Sowing too early, the regular session of the market and summer bitter gourd staggered, and low efficiency. When sowing late, the growth period is short, and the yield and benefit are also low. After experiment, the suitable sowing date for the bitter gourd cultivation in autumn in Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province, is in early July. Other regions can be calculated according to the climatic conditions. Use germination to fall into the water. Seeds soaked in seedlings before sowing, and disinfection of seedbeds should be sown in thin rows with a spacing of 10 cm. After the broadcast, use shading nets or straw to shade the ground, use small water to be poured, and do a good job of preventing rainstorms, preventing sun exposure, and preventing work from being carried out. The seedling age is 20 to 25 days, and the clover is born daily (that is, from late July to early August). The cover dressings were gradually removed 3 to 4 days before planting.
3, rational transplanting. After the cultivation, the plots of bitter gourd must be dry and pourable, no waterlogging, and no melon crops, otherwise it will lead to premature aging or serious diseases. The proper close planting of autumn bitter gourd helps to shade each other and increase the yield per unit area. The distance between the plants is 35 cm. The planting of double row single seedlings with sorghum is used. The sorghum is turtle-shaped to avoid waterlogging at the roots. The width is 60 centimeters wide, the width is 30 centimeters wide, the ditch is 15 centimeters deep, and about 2000 cultivars per mu are planted.
4, fertilizer and water management. The basal fertiliser should be reused to ensure adequate water and fertilizer supply during the growing season and to avoid malformed melons or reduced yield due to malnutrition. Mushi cooked organic fertilizer 2500 kg, compound fertilizer 30 kg. After the transplanting of the seedlings, it is necessary to fill the ground with small water in order to ease the seedlings. After easing the seedlings, timely cultivating loose soil in combination with watering and applying human urine to raise seedlings. After sitting on the root melon, increase the amount of fertilization irrigation, topdressing compound fertilizer 25 kilograms, each harvest 1 to 2 times, topdressing human excrement. After the emergence of the seedlings, 0.20% potassium dihydrogen phosphate was sprayed once every 10 days.
5, frame the whole vine. In mid-August, the insert rod was shaped into a "person" shaped frame and spirally bound. In order to enable nutrient transportation can be concentrated. Remove all the side branches below 50 cm to ensure that the main vine spreads. When the main vine grows to the top of the rack, take care of it. Leave two side vines in place of the main vine to kill the weak branches and overly dense branches and leaves at any time. Easily airy and light, normal melons. In early October, all branches were picked up so that they could all be harvested before the fall.
6, disease prevention and control. The diseases of bitter gourd after autumn are mainly viral diseases, bacterial keratoses, and epidemics. The prevention and control strategies are as follows: (1) To remove diseased plants in time, and to sprinkle lime, or spray 20% of virus A WP 500 times. Liquid, or 5% bacteriostatic water solution 400 times, or 1000 times potassium permanganate, the effect is better; 2 prone to bacterial keratoses after heavy rain, 77% can be sprayed to kill WP 500 Dilution, or 72% of streptomycin-soluble powder of agricultural streak 4000 times alternating control; 3 after the disease occurred, the diseased plant was immediately removed, and disinfected with lime, the emergence of the disease center, timely spray 72% DuPont Kelu wettable powder 1000 Times of liquid, or 64% antiviral 600 times liquid.
2, nurture strong seedlings. Sowing too early, the regular session of the market and summer bitter gourd staggered, and low efficiency. When sowing late, the growth period is short, and the yield and benefit are also low. After experiment, the suitable sowing date for the bitter gourd cultivation in autumn in Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province, is in early July. Other regions can be calculated according to the climatic conditions. Use germination to fall into the water. Seeds soaked in seedlings before sowing, and disinfection of seedbeds should be sown in thin rows with a spacing of 10 cm. After the broadcast, use shading nets or straw to shade the ground, use small water to be poured, and do a good job of preventing rainstorms, preventing sun exposure, and preventing work from being carried out. The seedling age is 20 to 25 days, and the clover is born daily (that is, from late July to early August). The cover dressings were gradually removed 3 to 4 days before planting.
3, rational transplanting. After the cultivation, the plots of bitter gourd must be dry and pourable, no waterlogging, and no melon crops, otherwise it will lead to premature aging or serious diseases. The proper close planting of autumn bitter gourd helps to shade each other and increase the yield per unit area. The distance between the plants is 35 cm. The planting of double row single seedlings with sorghum is used. The sorghum is turtle-shaped to avoid waterlogging at the roots. The width is 60 centimeters wide, the width is 30 centimeters wide, the ditch is 15 centimeters deep, and about 2000 cultivars per mu are planted.
4, fertilizer and water management. The basal fertiliser should be reused to ensure adequate water and fertilizer supply during the growing season and to avoid malformed melons or reduced yield due to malnutrition. Mushi cooked organic fertilizer 2500 kg, compound fertilizer 30 kg. After the transplanting of the seedlings, it is necessary to fill the ground with small water in order to ease the seedlings. After easing the seedlings, timely cultivating loose soil in combination with watering and applying human urine to raise seedlings. After sitting on the root melon, increase the amount of fertilization irrigation, topdressing compound fertilizer 25 kilograms, each harvest 1 to 2 times, topdressing human excrement. After the emergence of the seedlings, 0.20% potassium dihydrogen phosphate was sprayed once every 10 days.
5, frame the whole vine. In mid-August, the insert rod was shaped into a "person" shaped frame and spirally bound. In order to enable nutrient transportation can be concentrated. Remove all the side branches below 50 cm to ensure that the main vine spreads. When the main vine grows to the top of the rack, take care of it. Leave two side vines in place of the main vine to kill the weak branches and overly dense branches and leaves at any time. Easily airy and light, normal melons. In early October, all branches were picked up so that they could all be harvested before the fall.
6, disease prevention and control. The diseases of bitter gourd after autumn are mainly viral diseases, bacterial keratoses, and epidemics. The prevention and control strategies are as follows: (1) To remove diseased plants in time, and to sprinkle lime, or spray 20% of virus A WP 500 times. Liquid, or 5% bacteriostatic water solution 400 times, or 1000 times potassium permanganate, the effect is better; 2 prone to bacterial keratoses after heavy rain, 77% can be sprayed to kill WP 500 Dilution, or 72% of streptomycin-soluble powder of agricultural streak 4000 times alternating control; 3 after the disease occurred, the diseased plant was immediately removed, and disinfected with lime, the emergence of the disease center, timely spray 72% DuPont Kelu wettable powder 1000 Times of liquid, or 64% antiviral 600 times liquid.
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