Application Effect and Problems of Liquid Feed

The granular form of liquid feed is powdery, granular feed, with many advantages, so it develops faster in foreign countries. From the 1960s to the 1970s, suspension technology was applied, allowing greater flexibility in the production of liquid feed. In recent years, foreign liquid feeds have risen again after falling for a few years, which indicates that their vitality is strong. However, China's liquid feed processing is still an emerging technology and its production has just started. People's understanding of its importance is not yet thorough.

Type of liquid feed

Liquid compound feed It is a liquid feed product made from a mixture of water, molasses, fat, urea, protein, nitrogen, phosphorus, trace elements, vitamins, and pharmaceutical additives. Animals can be fed directly, such as liquid molasses urea feed.

Liquid Additives To increase the nutritional value of powdered feeds, some liquid feeds such as molasses or oils rich in nutrients, minerals, trace elements, and vitamins are added as liquid additives. It can be added to drinking water, or it can be sprayed directly on the surface of the granular material during the subsequent stages of the pellet feed production process, which plays an important role in ensuring the full price and palatability of the pelleted feed.

Liquid alcohol feed It is a kind of compound feed, in which the alcohol can adjust the ruminal fermentation of ruminants to the most suitable state, thereby increasing the utilization efficiency of urea and roughage.

Water-based liquid feed This type of liquid feed is characterized by using water as the carrier, adding copper, zinc, manganese, iron, antioxidants, vitamins, and growth-promoting agents, etc. It is first formulated as a concentrated mother liquor, which can be diluted with water.

The liquid milk replacer is mainly composed of hydrolyzed yeast, potato starch and sunflower oil. It contains no milk powder and skim milk powder. Its chemical composition and amino acid composition are similar to that of whole milk.

Suspension liquid feed It is based on the traditional liquid feed, adding suspending agent, so that the added ingredients can be evenly distributed, overcoming the disadvantages of traditional liquid feed prone to precipitation, but also many insoluble water or syrup The addition of substances (such as calcium carbonate, etc.) becomes easy.

Liquid fermented feed is a new type of liquid feed produced by fine fermentation under certain conditions (pH value, temperature, ratio of water to material and fermentation accelerant) on the basis of traditional liquid feed. Using liquid fermented feeds produces more acid than using acidifiers.

Application effect of liquid feed

Liquid feed can improve animal digestibility of nutrients. This is due to the relative dry feed, the liquid feed raw material crushed particle size is much smaller, increase the surface area of ​​contact with digestive enzymes, increase the rate of hydration, thereby accelerating the penetration of digestive enzymes, improve the activity of enzymes in feed ingredients; good palatability Mix well and avoid animals picky eaters. Liquid feed can also change the physicochemical properties and biological composition of the diet, and plays an important role in animal health and production performance.

Application of liquid feed in pig production The use of liquid feed in the entire European swine industry accounts for 30%, specifically 30% in Germany, 20% in the UK, and Denmark, Ireland and the Netherlands account for 30% to 50%. At present, Thailand and the Philippines in Asia are also being gradually applied. However, in China's intensive pig production, the domestic feed is basically powder and pellets. The research on liquid feed is still an emerging technology and its application has not yet started.

Application to Weaned Pigs The digestive system of the weaned pig is not yet fully developed. Due to the effects of weaning stress, it is difficult to digest and absorb typical weaning diets based on sub-real and vegetable proteins. Therefore, the liquid feed becomes feed. The best choice for weaned pigs. Because the liquid food has good palatability, even mixing, balanced nutrition, and avoidance of picky pigs, it can increase the feed intake of the pigs, improve the growth performance of the pigs, and reduce mortality. At the same time it can also improve the health and physiological function of the weaning pig intestine. The pH of the stomach of the piglet after weaning has risen sharply enough to inhibit the reproduction of the pathogen. The liquid fermented feed solves this problem by lowering the pH of the stomach of the piglet and inhibiting the growth of the pathogen. On the other hand, weaned pigs fed solid diets have a low pH in their stomachs. Therefore, feeding on liquid feeds can improve intestinal health and physiological function.

Application to fattening pigs In the finishing phase of pigs, the important advantage of liquid feed is that large amounts of inexpensive liquid raw materials can be used in feed formulations. Such as liquid amino acids, enzymes and food industry by-products (beer by-products, potato processing by-products). This reduces the environmental pollution caused by the by-products of the food industry; on the other hand, it reduces the cost of feed formulations. In terms of feeding effect, liquid feeding increased feed intake and daily gain, improved feed efficiency and pig environment, but reduced carcass outfeed rate

Application in sow production In the current intensive and factory-feeding conditions, the female parent runs at high speed as a breeding machine, making it difficult for the feed intake of lactating sows to meet the nutritional needs of milk production, resulting in a decrease in sow milk production. Severe decline in body condition, prolonged estrus time, and increased culling rate of sows. Liquid feed can increase the dry matter intake of nursing sows and improve production performance. In addition, pregnant sows use liquid feed, because the large volume of feed, so that the stomach has a sense of satiety, to keep pregnant sows quiet.

Problems in the application of liquid feed

The quality of liquid feed is not stable and the composition varies greatly. For example, the composition and content of oil and molasses vary with the production batch and the manufacturer, but methionine hydroxy analogues, amino acids, choline chloride, ethoxyquin, etc. The content composition of the product is relatively stable.

Application of liquid feed equipment investment. Each liquid raw material must be installed with a separate liquid addition system, requiring specialized piping and silos, and adding these systems is relatively expensive. However, the cost of these equipment is only a one-time investment. When the liquid add-on system is installed, using liquid raw materials can save other costs. And adding a liquid system will free up a dry silo for storing dry materials.

Liquid feed requires a higher level of technology. Feeding liquid feed in the winter will result in high humidity in the piggery. Attention must be paid to ventilation; in the summer, liquid feedstuffs may remain in the pipeline and cause spoilage. Therefore, the development of liquid feed also needs to work hard from the following aspects: formulate a more scientific and reasonable formula from the perspective of liquid feed nutrition; research and develop a reliable and efficient liquid feed processing equipment and feeding equipment; vigorously promote the scale Breeding technology, establishing a modern contact network of farms and feed mills, using pipelines for feed transportation, and adopting efficient talent management measures; adding acid to the liquid feed or enzymatically inoculating probiotics to increase the digestibility of nutrients and truly replace Antibiotics to achieve green feed.

Prospects for Developing Liquid Feed in China

China's abundant liquid feed resources provide conditions for the scale production of liquid feed. In northern China (Heilongjiang, Xinjiang, etc.), sugar beets are abundant, and in the south (Guangdong, Yunnan), sugar cane is produced. During the sugar production process, a large amount of waste molasses is produced, which is about 2.3 million tons to 2.8 million tons per year. In the central region, there are a lot of soluble carbohydrates, fats and meat processing waste. In the coastal areas, there are a wide range of fish resources. During the processing of fish, the inedible part of the fish can be digested to obtain a large amount of liquid feed that is equivalent to the nutritional value of fishmeal. In addition, the output of urea in our country is getting bigger and bigger. All these resources are good raw materials for liquid feed. They provide the conditions for the further development of liquid feed in China.

The great development of the grain-saving animal husbandry will promote the production of liquid feed. The utilization efficiency of liquid feed in ruminants is obviously higher than that of dry feed, especially alcohol liquid feed. The use of molasses and urea feed is particularly important for increasing the utilization of roughage. Therefore, with the development of the grain-saving animal husbandry and people's increasing awareness, the application of liquid feed will become more and more extensive.

Advances in science and technology will be more conducive to the production of liquid feed. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, especially the maturing of suspension technology, microencapsulation technology and anticorrosion technology, together with the remarkable feeding effect and economic benefits of liquid feed, it is recognized by people that liquid feed will have a strong market like pellet feed. Competitiveness will be more complete in its categories and will be more widely used.

Liquid feed is a highly-targeted and improved feed. Its appearance breaks the traditional concept of feed. It is generally based on molasses or water as a carrier, adding fat, vitamins, trace elements, and other natural ingredients, using suspension technology or fermentation. A kind of liquid animal feed that is refined by technology. It can supplement the nutritional needs of different animals and supplement nutrients that are generally lacking in feed. It is quite popular abroad.

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