To ensure high-quality *Ningbo Xicao* grass mat production, the following detailed guidelines should be followed:
First, proper seedling care is essential. Choose a field specifically designated for pure seeding, as it ensures better quality, higher yield, and easier irrigation and drainage. The reserved area should maintain a suitable ratio of 1:8 to 1:10 between the mat grass field and the Daejeon area. Harvesting should be done carefully—seedlings should remain in the field about 7 to 10 days after the main crop is harvested. Ten days before harvesting, drain the water to harden the mud surface, and choose a sunny evening for cutting. If harvesting on a sunny day, cover the cut seedlings with straw to prevent drying.
Strengthen seedling management by regularly weeding and applying fertilizer. Top-dressing twice or thrice during the seedling stage is recommended, using 250 kg of well-decomposed human urine diluted per 667 square meters. Ensure adequate watering and monitor for pests and diseases closely.
Second, when transplanting the mats, it’s best to do so from mid-October to mid-November. Prepare the soil thoroughly, apply sufficient base fertilizer, and level the ground. Plant the seedlings at intervals of 20 cm x 30 cm or 23 cm x 30 cm, placing 5 to 6 seedlings per hole.
Third, effective field management is crucial. After planting, fill the field with water within 3 to 4 days. Cultivate the soil once or twice, ideally combined with the first topdressing, and again just before and after the Spring Festival.
Water management should follow the "deep-shallow-deep" principle during the early growth phase (from transplanting to late February). Initially, keep the water depth around 3–5 cm, then reduce it to shallow levels as the grass turns green. During winter, maintain a deeper water level of 6–7 cm. In mid-season, use shallow irrigation. Two weeks before harvest, increase the water depth to over 7 cm to promote stem elongation and maturation while reducing the growth of unwanted stems. This deep watering also helps produce softer, whiter stems with better color and durability.
Fertilization should be applied four times throughout the growing season. First, mix 400–500 kg of manure with 1,500–2,000 kg of ash per 667 square meters. Second, apply 1,000–1,500 kg of human urine per 667 square meters in late December. Third, add 15–20 kg of urea per 667 square meters in late March to early April. Finally, apply 3–5 kg of urea per 667 square meters in early May to protect against yellowing.
Pest control is also vital. Common pests include grass carp, sharp blight, and sheath blight. Use triazophos or anti-irritability for grass carp, Shike or Lek for blight, and Jinggangmycin for sheath blight.
Finally, harvesting should occur when the grass is in the early to full-grown stage. Choose a sunny day and ensure the field has more than 10 cm of water. Cut carefully, wash the grass promptly, and shake out any yellow parts. Before planting, sprinkle some ash on the stems to improve color and quality. Sun-dry the grass evenly, and it can be stored for up to two days under normal conditions.
By following these steps, you can significantly enhance the quality and yield of your *Ningbo Xicao* grass mats.
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