(1) Uncovering and Consolidating Seedlings: (1) When the average daily temperature stabilizes around 10°C, it's time to start removing the protective coverings used for overwintering. (2) Be careful during the process to avoid damaging flower buds. If you need to uncover the plastic film during the day, make sure to cover it again at night, gradually removing it to prevent large temperature fluctuations that could harm the strawberry plants. After uncovering, promptly remove the leaves, diseased leaves, and old leaves to improve light penetration and reduce disease risks.
(2) Cultivation and Weeding: In spring, perform timely cultivation to remove weeds and loosen the soil. Keep the tilling shallow to avoid damaging the roots and preventing soil clods from pressing down on young plants. Combine this with clearing drainage ditches, channels, and gutters to prevent waterlogging. Once the strawberries start growing, remove dried or diseased leaves and take them out of the field for composting, which helps control disease spread.
(3) Timely Top Dressing: During mid to late March, apply fertilizer along with watering. Use 10–15 kg of urea per mu or 20–30 kg of compound fertilizer. Additionally, spray a 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 2–3 times during the flowering and fruiting stages. This helps increase yield and improve fruit quality.
(4) Thinning Flower Buds: The first flowers on the strawberry inflorescence tend to produce larger, earlier-maturing fruits. Therefore, after budding, thin out the buds to reduce nutrient competition, resulting in better-shaped, larger, and higher-quality fruits. Remove about 20–25% of the weaker, later-developing buds.
(5) Removing Old Leaves: As the strawberry plant begins to grow, promptly remove any dried or diseased leaves to enhance air circulation and light exposure between plants, and help lower the field temperature. Cut off the remaining leaves and dispose of them outside the field, then compost them to minimize disease sources and prevent pathogen spread.
(6) Pest and Disease Control: (1) In early spring, target earthworms by eliminating their eggs and larvae found in weeds and soil. (2) Apply 200–300 grams of 90% trichlorfon crystals or 200–300 grams of 50% phoxim emulsion per acre, diluted 500–700 times, and water the roots. (3) For diseases such as leaf spot, gray mold, bud blight, and powdery mildew, apply 50% carbendazim or 70% thiophanate at 500–800 times dilution during early spring. Viral infections are often spread by aphids, so use 40% omethoate diluted 800 times as a preventive measure. Avoid using chemical pesticides during the fruit ripening stage.
(7) Preventing Fruit Rot: Strawberry plants tend to be short, causing the fruit to touch the ground, leading to contamination and rot, which significantly affects both yield and quality. After flowering, place hay around the plants to keep the fruit off the ground. Once the fruit is harvested, remove the hay.
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