(1) Uncovering the seedlings to promote healthy growth: (1) When the average daily temperature stabilizes around 10°C, it's time to start removing the protective coverings used for overwintering. (2) Be cautious during the process to avoid damaging the flower buds. If you decide to remove the plastic film during the day, make sure to re-cover it at night. Gradually remove the coverings to prevent large temperature fluctuations that could harm the strawberry plants. After uncovering, promptly remove the leaves, diseased leaves, and old leaves to improve light penetration and reduce the risk of disease.
(2) Cultivation and soil management: In spring, perform shallow weeding and loosen the soil to avoid damaging the roots and prevent clods from crushing young plants. Combine this with cleaning the drainage ditches, channels, and gutters to ensure proper water drainage and prevent waterlogging. Once the strawberries start growing, remove dried or diseased leaves and take them out of the field for composting, which helps prevent the spread of diseases.
(3) Timely fertilization: During mid to late March, apply top dressing along with watering. Use 10–15 kg of urea per mu or 20–30 kg of compound fertilizer. Additionally, spray a 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 2–3 times during the flowering and fruiting stages. This helps increase yield and improve fruit quality.
(4) Thinning flower buds: The first flowers on the strawberry inflorescence are usually the most vigorous and produce larger, earlier-ripening fruits. After budding, thin out the weaker buds—discard about 20–25% of the late, weak buds—to reduce nutrient competition and ensure better fruit size and quality.
(5) Removing old leaves: As the strawberry plants begin to grow, promptly remove any dry or diseased leaves to improve air circulation and light exposure between plants. This also helps lower the temperature in the field. Dispose of the removed leaves outside the field and pile them up for composting to reduce disease sources and prevent pathogen spread.
(6) Pest and disease control: (1) In early spring, deal with earthworms by eliminating their eggs and larvae found in weeds and soil. (2) Apply 200–300 grams of 90% trichlorfon crystals or 200–300 grams of 50% phoxim emulsion per acre, diluted 500–700 times, and water the roots. (3) For diseases such as leaf spot, gray mold, bud blight, and powdery mildew, apply 50% carbendazim or 70% thiophanate at a dilution of 500–800 times during early spring. Viral infections are often transmitted by aphids, so use 40% omethoate diluted 800 times as a preventive measure. Avoid using chemical pesticides during fruit ripening to ensure safe harvests.
(7) Preventing fruit rot: Strawberry plants tend to be short, causing the fruits to touch the ground, leading to dirt and rot, which significantly affects both yield and quality. After flowering, place hay around the plants to keep the fruits off the ground. Remove the hay after harvesting to maintain cleanliness and prevent future issues.
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