The deep application of chemical fertilizers is an important technology for the implementation of agricultural cost-saving and efficiency-increasing projects throughout the country by the Ministry of Agriculture. It has the characteristics of low investment and good economic returns. It has now been widely used. Qinglong County, Guizhou Province is a karst geological area. To provide technical reference for the deep application of corn fertilizer in high-altitude areas of this county, the author conducted this experiment.
1 Materials and Methods
1.1 The basic situation of the test site was set up at the responsibility of Li Xingfu, Yanjingzhai Formation, Biomei Town, Qinglong County, Guizhou Province. The elevation was 1 100 m, the average annual temperature was about 9°C, the rainfall was 1 050 mm, and the frost-free period was 265. About d, the soil pH 5.6, yellow mud soil, medium and even fertility, ventilation to sunny, good drainage, before the wheat.
1.2 The test material was urea (containing N46%); the corn variety was Xinghuangdan 89-2.
1.3 The depth of fertilization for the experimental design experiment is set at 5 treatments. Treatment A: 0 cm (Table administration) as a control; Treatment B: 4 cm; Treatment C: 8 cm; Treatment D: 12 cm; Treatment E: 16 cm. Three replicates, a total of 15 plots, with an area of ​​26.4 m2 (6 m 4.4 m), arranged in random blocks, with 8 lines per cell, 12 lines per line, and two lines of seedlings, 192 per plot.
1.4 Test method The sowing time is from 10:00 to 12:00 am on May 24th, cloudy days, and the emergence time is May 31st. The fertilization is divided into 2 times: the first fertilization (3-leaf stage) takes 6 months. On the 7th, from 9:00 to 12:00 in the rainy weather, the average application of urea was 0.2 kg per area, accounting for 1/3 of the total amount of fertilizer; the second fertilization (large bell) was at 9:00 AM on July 13th. ~ 12:00, cloudy days, accounting for 2/3 of the total amount of fertilizer, the average application of urea 0.6 kg per area, potassium 0.2 kg. The management level of each treatment is exactly the same. The experimental staff arranged observation records, measured the plant height and panicle length of the maize, calculated the yield of the plot, calculated the average value, and conducted economic benefit analysis.
2 Results and Analysis
2.1 Plant height and ear height can be seen from the table, the average plant height of each treated corn is increased compared to CK (table application), followed by: treatment D> treatment C> treatment E> treatment B, application 12 cm The average plant height at depth was 33.3 cm higher than that of superficial planting, and the maximum increase was 15.26%. The average panicle length ratio of all treatments was also increased. The average panicle length of treatment D was the largest, which was 6.3 cm higher than the surface treatment, and the growth was 28.25%.
2.2 The output can also be seen from the table, the average yield of fertilizer deep planting area is significantly higher than that of CK, and the increase rate is: Treatment D> Treatment c> Treatment E> Treatment B, and the average yield of corn treated with D is 2718 higher than that of CK. Kg/hm2, an increase of up to 33.97%; the average yield of treated C was 2 110,5 kg/hm2 higher than CK, an increase of 26.38%.
2.3 Economic Benefits The corn has the same agronomic practices except that the depth of fertilization is different. The application amount of urea in each plot is 0.8 kg (market price: 2.40 yuan/kg) and potassium fertilizer is 0.2 kg (market price: 2.20 yuan/kg). The fertilizer cost is 2.36 yuan/26.4m2, equivalent to a hectare cost of 900.00 yuan. From Table 1, it can be seen that the economic benefit is the highest at 12 cm deep, and the increase of 3 448.80 yuan per hectare is greater than CK.
3 Summary
The test results show that rational application of chemical fertilizer can increase the plant height and ear length of corn and increase the yield of corn. The effect of deepening 12 cm of chemical fertilizers to increase yield and income is the best. Deep application of chemical fertilizers should be promoted in maize production in Qinglong County, Guizhou Province.
1 Materials and Methods
1.1 The basic situation of the test site was set up at the responsibility of Li Xingfu, Yanjingzhai Formation, Biomei Town, Qinglong County, Guizhou Province. The elevation was 1 100 m, the average annual temperature was about 9°C, the rainfall was 1 050 mm, and the frost-free period was 265. About d, the soil pH 5.6, yellow mud soil, medium and even fertility, ventilation to sunny, good drainage, before the wheat.
1.2 The test material was urea (containing N46%); the corn variety was Xinghuangdan 89-2.
1.3 The depth of fertilization for the experimental design experiment is set at 5 treatments. Treatment A: 0 cm (Table administration) as a control; Treatment B: 4 cm; Treatment C: 8 cm; Treatment D: 12 cm; Treatment E: 16 cm. Three replicates, a total of 15 plots, with an area of ​​26.4 m2 (6 m 4.4 m), arranged in random blocks, with 8 lines per cell, 12 lines per line, and two lines of seedlings, 192 per plot.
1.4 Test method The sowing time is from 10:00 to 12:00 am on May 24th, cloudy days, and the emergence time is May 31st. The fertilization is divided into 2 times: the first fertilization (3-leaf stage) takes 6 months. On the 7th, from 9:00 to 12:00 in the rainy weather, the average application of urea was 0.2 kg per area, accounting for 1/3 of the total amount of fertilizer; the second fertilization (large bell) was at 9:00 AM on July 13th. ~ 12:00, cloudy days, accounting for 2/3 of the total amount of fertilizer, the average application of urea 0.6 kg per area, potassium 0.2 kg. The management level of each treatment is exactly the same. The experimental staff arranged observation records, measured the plant height and panicle length of the maize, calculated the yield of the plot, calculated the average value, and conducted economic benefit analysis.
2 Results and Analysis
2.1 Plant height and ear height can be seen from the table, the average plant height of each treated corn is increased compared to CK (table application), followed by: treatment D> treatment C> treatment E> treatment B, application 12 cm The average plant height at depth was 33.3 cm higher than that of superficial planting, and the maximum increase was 15.26%. The average panicle length ratio of all treatments was also increased. The average panicle length of treatment D was the largest, which was 6.3 cm higher than the surface treatment, and the growth was 28.25%.
2.2 The output can also be seen from the table, the average yield of fertilizer deep planting area is significantly higher than that of CK, and the increase rate is: Treatment D> Treatment c> Treatment E> Treatment B, and the average yield of corn treated with D is 2718 higher than that of CK. Kg/hm2, an increase of up to 33.97%; the average yield of treated C was 2 110,5 kg/hm2 higher than CK, an increase of 26.38%.
2.3 Economic Benefits The corn has the same agronomic practices except that the depth of fertilization is different. The application amount of urea in each plot is 0.8 kg (market price: 2.40 yuan/kg) and potassium fertilizer is 0.2 kg (market price: 2.20 yuan/kg). The fertilizer cost is 2.36 yuan/26.4m2, equivalent to a hectare cost of 900.00 yuan. From Table 1, it can be seen that the economic benefit is the highest at 12 cm deep, and the increase of 3 448.80 yuan per hectare is greater than CK.
3 Summary
The test results show that rational application of chemical fertilizer can increase the plant height and ear length of corn and increase the yield of corn. The effect of deepening 12 cm of chemical fertilizers to increase yield and income is the best. Deep application of chemical fertilizers should be promoted in maize production in Qinglong County, Guizhou Province.
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