The primary component of straw is crude fiber, which is difficult for most animals—including ruminants—to digest on their own. Unlike ruminants, which have a specialized digestive system with a rumen that hosts microorganisms capable of breaking down cellulose, pigs lack this structure. As a result, the digestibility of crude fiber in pigs is relatively low, typically ranging from 10% to 30%. This limited ability is mainly due to microbial activity in the cecum and colon, which is not as effective as the microbial fermentation that occurs in the rumen.
When large amounts of straw powder are added to pig feed, it not only reduces the digestibility of the fiber itself but also negatively affects the digestion of other key nutrients such as corn and soybean meal. Studies show that for every 1% increase in crude fiber content in pig feed, the overall organic matter digestibility can decrease by approximately 1.35% to 1.92%. This decline in nutrient absorption can lead to reduced growth performance and lower feed efficiency.
To ensure optimal nutrition and health, the crude fiber content in pig diets should be carefully managed. For piglet feed, it is recommended not to exceed 4%, while for growing and finishing pigs, the limit should be around 6% to 8%. In general, adult pig feed should not contain more than 10% to 12% crude fiber. These guidelines help maintain balanced digestion and support the overall productivity of the animals.
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