The first pest is the Yang Xiao Zhou Mo, also known as the brown sun moth or small moth. The larvae feed on poplar leaves, causing severe damage by devouring them, which can make the tree look as if it's on fire from a distance. The larvae have variable body colors, typically grayish-brown or gray-green, with fewer hairs and a yellow longitudinal stripe along each side of their body. A large grayish spot is present on the back of the abdomen, specifically on segments 1 and 8. The larvae are most destructive from July to September. Control measures include manually removing egg masses, galls, and clusters of young larvae. Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) emulsion at a concentration of 1:10 can be used to poison the larvae. Another option is to spray an 80% Dichlorvos Emulsion diluted 1000–1500 times, combined with a 20% emulsion of a broad-spectrum insecticide. Lastly, plowing the soil during winter helps destroy overwintering pupae.
The second pest is the Yang Fan Mo, also called the poplar moth. The larvae feed on poplar leaves, often leaving them skeletonized and affecting tree growth. The larvae are black-brown or gray-green, with eight orange-red swellings arranged in a circular pattern on each abdominal segment, and a red spot on segments 4–11. They are most active from July to September. Control methods include removing early-stage larvae manually. Spraying a suspension containing 100 million spores per ml of Beauveria bassiana and Bt is effective. Mixing 20% liquid of 80% Dichlorvos Emulsion with 10% broad-spectrum emulsion can also kill the larvae. Encouraging natural predators is another way to manage this pest.
The third pest is the Yang Huang Ye Hopper, commonly known as the yellow leafhopper. The larvae curl up inside poplar leaves, excreting white mucus and damaging young leaves. The larvae are very active and tend to jump when disturbed. Poplar trees with high infestation levels are more vulnerable. These larvae are yellow-green, about 20 mm long, with vertical black lines on the thorax and light yellow longitudinal bands along the sides. They are most harmful from May to August. Adults lay eggs on leaves, and after hatching, the larvae feed on new shoots. Control includes using black lights to trap adults, manually removing pests, and spraying 90% Trichlorfon at 1000 times dilution or 10% broad-spectrum insecticide at 2500 times dilution for effective control.
The fourth pest is the Yellow Thorn Moth, also known as the spicy potato. The larvae feed on poplar leaves, creating holes and notches that severely impact tree health. They have bristles and poisonous hairs that can cause skin irritation upon contact. The larvae are yellow-green with dark brown heads, purple-brown spots on their bodies, and dumbbell-shaped markings. They are most active from June to September. Control methods include trapping adults with lights, removing newly hatched larvae, and spraying 90% Trichlorfon at 800 times dilution or 80% Dichlorvos at 1000 times dilution. During autumn and winter, manual removal by knocking or digging can help eliminate overwintering stages.
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