In the process of cotton cultivation and management, in order to achieve high yields and harvest high-quality cotton, seedling management is one of the keys. Therefore, in terms of management, we strive to achieve Miao Quan, Miao Qi, Miao Zhuang, and lay a good foundation for high cotton production.
First, buy a good variety In recent years, the cotton research institutions in the research of new varieties of high yield, disease resistance, Hebei Province, most of the use of early maturing varieties, maternal use of medium-maturing cotton varieties.
Second, the appropriate time sowing when the temperature of 5 cm stable through 14 to 12 or 20 cm: the date of the upper reaches 15.5 °C for the appropriate sowing date. Film cover is generally sown on April 10-15, open sow April 15-25.
Third, timely Dingmiao Miao wilderness than grass shortage, timely Dingmiao can prevent the emergence of tall seedlings, timely settlement of cotton seedlings crowded, fight fertilizer, win light, fight water conflicts, and easy to timely cultivator, pest control. It has a good effect on promoting the growth of cotton seedling roots, preventing dead seedlings and promoting early-onset hair growth. General cotton should be fixed when the emergence of a true leaf, seeding cotton field can be marked with a standard bamboo shoot spacing from the bamboo shoots once the seedlings, leave the seedlings selected strong seedlings. Saline-alkali land can be postponed to two or three true leaves when Dingmiao.
4. Early cultivating and cultivating can loosen the soil, raise the ground temperature, eliminate weeds, promote water ventilation, accelerate the decomposition of soil nutrients, and prevent and reduce the occurrence of cotton seedling disease. It is one of the main measures to achieve early growth of cotton seedlings. In the soil moisture is too large, the ground temperature is low, soil compaction exposed live cotton fields, the effect is particularly significant. The number and depth of cultivators should be appropriate so that the soil does not compact and there is no weed in the field. Usually 2 or 3 times, the cotton seedlings are shallow and the depth between rows can reach 7 to 10 cm.
V. Timely prevention of pests and diseases
1. Diseases at the seedling stage are the main obstacles affecting cotton seedlings and seedlings. There are ten diseases that damage the roots of cotton, which can cause rot, shoots, stem rot, and root rot, followed by root rot. Diseases that are dominated by cotyledons, true leaves, and stems have stem blight, corneal lesions. Disease, spot disease, soft rot, etc. But the greatest impact on cotton development is: blight, anthrax, and red rot. Before the emergence of the cotton seedlings, the disease can cause bad seeds, causing rotten seeds, rotting buds, and root rot. Lightly affect the growth and development of cotton seedlings, resulting in a large number of seedlings dead seedlings, resulting in serious seedlings, broken ridges, severe cases caused devastating deaths throughout the field. Control methods: rational rotation, fine soil preparation, balanced fertilization, application of organic fertilizer or biological antibiotic fertilizer, use of coated seeds, continuous exposure for 2 to 3 days before sowing, and appropriate sowing in order to improve sowing quality. At the seedling stage, shoots were rooted with 80% eutectic 200-fold or 50% carbendazim or 70% thiophanate-methyl or carbonate or damycin. In the boll stage, 50% of carbendazim can be used to control cotton red rot, and 500 times of 70% of mancozeb manganese dioxide can be sprayed.
2. Insect pests Cotton seedlings are mainly cotton aphids, cotton leafhoppers, cotton aphids, and ground test tigers. With the popularization of transgenic insect-resistant cotton, cotton intercropping and the use of cotton-covered cotton plants, the number of natural enemies of pests in cotton fields has increased, and the types and harm levels of cotton pests have also undergone great changes. Therefore, the prevention and control of pests at the seedling stage of cotton should pay attention to the protection and utilization of natural enemies, distinguish different types of cotton fields, and carry out pest forecasting and control respectively. The prevention and control of cotton seedling pests was focused on cottonseed meal. The seeds were first dressed with 3% carbofuran and then treated with omethoate after emergence.
Sixth, appropriate fertilizer, control watering
1. Fertilizer application requires only 5% of the total amount of fertilizer needed during the seedling period. Therefore, in the cotton field and high-yielding cotton field where base fertilizer is applied, fertilizer is generally not top-dressed. However, for the poor soil fertility, the amount of base fertilizer is not much in the cotton field, the Miao Fei should be applied early, and the top-dressing fertilizers during the seedling stage are mainly available nitrogen fertilizer and decomposed organic fertilizer. Generally, about 5 kg of standard nitrogen fertilizer can be applied per mu.
2, watering cotton seedlings need less water, in order to promote cotton roots down, cotton trees are real. In the cotton field where the bottom is made, watering is generally not required, and the first watering time is delayed as far as possible so as not to lower the ground temperature, cause seedling disease, and cause weak seedlings and delays. If 10-40 cm soil layer, the maximum water holding capacity of the soil is less than 50 ~ 55% watering in time. When watering at the seedling stage, the amount of water should be small, and furrow irrigation or irrigation in the trenches should be adopted.
Author: Dingzhou Vocational Education Center, Hebei Province
First, buy a good variety In recent years, the cotton research institutions in the research of new varieties of high yield, disease resistance, Hebei Province, most of the use of early maturing varieties, maternal use of medium-maturing cotton varieties.
Second, the appropriate time sowing when the temperature of 5 cm stable through 14 to 12 or 20 cm: the date of the upper reaches 15.5 °C for the appropriate sowing date. Film cover is generally sown on April 10-15, open sow April 15-25.
Third, timely Dingmiao Miao wilderness than grass shortage, timely Dingmiao can prevent the emergence of tall seedlings, timely settlement of cotton seedlings crowded, fight fertilizer, win light, fight water conflicts, and easy to timely cultivator, pest control. It has a good effect on promoting the growth of cotton seedling roots, preventing dead seedlings and promoting early-onset hair growth. General cotton should be fixed when the emergence of a true leaf, seeding cotton field can be marked with a standard bamboo shoot spacing from the bamboo shoots once the seedlings, leave the seedlings selected strong seedlings. Saline-alkali land can be postponed to two or three true leaves when Dingmiao.
4. Early cultivating and cultivating can loosen the soil, raise the ground temperature, eliminate weeds, promote water ventilation, accelerate the decomposition of soil nutrients, and prevent and reduce the occurrence of cotton seedling disease. It is one of the main measures to achieve early growth of cotton seedlings. In the soil moisture is too large, the ground temperature is low, soil compaction exposed live cotton fields, the effect is particularly significant. The number and depth of cultivators should be appropriate so that the soil does not compact and there is no weed in the field. Usually 2 or 3 times, the cotton seedlings are shallow and the depth between rows can reach 7 to 10 cm.
V. Timely prevention of pests and diseases
1. Diseases at the seedling stage are the main obstacles affecting cotton seedlings and seedlings. There are ten diseases that damage the roots of cotton, which can cause rot, shoots, stem rot, and root rot, followed by root rot. Diseases that are dominated by cotyledons, true leaves, and stems have stem blight, corneal lesions. Disease, spot disease, soft rot, etc. But the greatest impact on cotton development is: blight, anthrax, and red rot. Before the emergence of the cotton seedlings, the disease can cause bad seeds, causing rotten seeds, rotting buds, and root rot. Lightly affect the growth and development of cotton seedlings, resulting in a large number of seedlings dead seedlings, resulting in serious seedlings, broken ridges, severe cases caused devastating deaths throughout the field. Control methods: rational rotation, fine soil preparation, balanced fertilization, application of organic fertilizer or biological antibiotic fertilizer, use of coated seeds, continuous exposure for 2 to 3 days before sowing, and appropriate sowing in order to improve sowing quality. At the seedling stage, shoots were rooted with 80% eutectic 200-fold or 50% carbendazim or 70% thiophanate-methyl or carbonate or damycin. In the boll stage, 50% of carbendazim can be used to control cotton red rot, and 500 times of 70% of mancozeb manganese dioxide can be sprayed.
2. Insect pests Cotton seedlings are mainly cotton aphids, cotton leafhoppers, cotton aphids, and ground test tigers. With the popularization of transgenic insect-resistant cotton, cotton intercropping and the use of cotton-covered cotton plants, the number of natural enemies of pests in cotton fields has increased, and the types and harm levels of cotton pests have also undergone great changes. Therefore, the prevention and control of pests at the seedling stage of cotton should pay attention to the protection and utilization of natural enemies, distinguish different types of cotton fields, and carry out pest forecasting and control respectively. The prevention and control of cotton seedling pests was focused on cottonseed meal. The seeds were first dressed with 3% carbofuran and then treated with omethoate after emergence.
Sixth, appropriate fertilizer, control watering
1. Fertilizer application requires only 5% of the total amount of fertilizer needed during the seedling period. Therefore, in the cotton field and high-yielding cotton field where base fertilizer is applied, fertilizer is generally not top-dressed. However, for the poor soil fertility, the amount of base fertilizer is not much in the cotton field, the Miao Fei should be applied early, and the top-dressing fertilizers during the seedling stage are mainly available nitrogen fertilizer and decomposed organic fertilizer. Generally, about 5 kg of standard nitrogen fertilizer can be applied per mu.
2, watering cotton seedlings need less water, in order to promote cotton roots down, cotton trees are real. In the cotton field where the bottom is made, watering is generally not required, and the first watering time is delayed as far as possible so as not to lower the ground temperature, cause seedling disease, and cause weak seedlings and delays. If 10-40 cm soil layer, the maximum water holding capacity of the soil is less than 50 ~ 55% watering in time. When watering at the seedling stage, the amount of water should be small, and furrow irrigation or irrigation in the trenches should be adopted.
Author: Dingzhou Vocational Education Center, Hebei Province
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