First, the salt content in the feed is too high. Some chicken farmers add excessive amounts of salt to improve appetite and prevent feather pecking and licking. This can lead to severe diarrhea in chickens. Additionally, the high salt content in fishmeal or the large quantity of fishmeal added to the diet can also contribute to an over-salt condition in the feed, which may cause digestive issues and diarrhea in laying hens.
Second, the amount of limestone powder (stone powder) in the feed is too high. If the level of limestone is increased too quickly or in excess, it can result in elevated blood calcium levels, putting extra strain on the kidneys. This may lead to kidney swelling and, ultimately, diarrhea. It's important to gradually increase the limestone content as the egg production rate rises, to ensure a balanced and safe calcium intake for the hens.
Third, the crude protein level in the feed is too high. Some farmers try to boost egg production by increasing the proportion of soybean meal in the diet. However, if the soybean meal content is too high, the chickens may not fully absorb the protein, which can stimulate intestinal activity and result in loose, yellowish droppings. The ideal crude protein level for a laying flock is around 16%. Excess protein or an imbalanced protein-to-energy ratio can weaken the liver and kidney functions, leading to the accumulation of uric acid and even gout in the hens.
In addition, it's crucial to monitor the overall balance of nutrients in the feed. Imbalances in vitamins, minerals, or energy levels can also affect the health and performance of the flock. Regular testing and adjustments based on the hens' age, production stage, and environmental conditions are essential for maintaining optimal health and productivity. By carefully managing these factors, farmers can prevent many common health issues and ensure a more stable and efficient laying cycle.
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