The anti-season white radish is a type of radish cultivated during spring and summer, different from the traditional winter radishes. This variety, known for its crisp texture, sweetness, and juiciness, is highly favored by consumers and is also one of the key vegetables for export and processing. Because it's grown out of season, it offers great market potential, higher prices, and better economic returns. The following details the key techniques involved in cultivating this unique white radish.
**1. Variety Selection**
For summer cultivation, it's essential to choose heat-resistant, disease-resistant, and high-yielding varieties such as Xia Zaosheng III, Xia Qiu Mino, Bai Qiu Mino, and Bai Yu Wang. These varieties have a clean white skin, smooth surface, and low fiber content. Their roots are straight, measuring about 35–40 cm in length with a diameter of 6–6.5 cm, and each plant can weigh over 1 kg. They are resistant to soft rot and black rot, with excellent flavor and yield. Another popular option has a green-and-white collar, a larger root diameter of around 8.5 cm, and a weight of over 0.9 kg, offering better disease resistance.
**2. Cultivation Season and Sowing Date**
Summer planting typically starts at the end of June to early July, with harvesting taking place from late August to early September.
**3. Soil Preparation, Fertilization, and Sowing**
White radish requires deep soil (over 30 cm) that is loose and fertile, ideally sandy loam. Before planting, the soil should be thoroughly tilled, leveled, and free of stones or hard objects. Apply 2000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer per acre, along with 20 kg of diammonium phosphate and 3–4 kg of potash fertilizer. Create ridges with a 50 cm spacing and a height of 15 cm. Sow seeds in furrows using a 2–4 seeds per hole method, and space plants 25–30 cm apart.
**4. Field Management**
Summer cultivation focuses on heat tolerance, drought resistance, flood control, and pest management. Choose fields with good irrigation and drainage systems, and ensure the soil is loose and fertile. Prepare proper drainage ditches to prevent waterlogging during heavy rains. Key practices include:
- Avoid sowing during rain.
- Ensure sufficient water supply during dry periods. Use well water cooled to lower temperatures and maintain soil moisture.
- Open drainage channels after rainy days to avoid water accumulation and root damage. After heavy rain, pour water to increase soil oxygen levels.
- Thin seedlings and control weeds regularly.
- When the root begins to grow, apply appropriate nitrogen and potassium fertilizers to ensure balanced nutrition.
**5. Pest and Disease Control**
In addition to aphids and flea beetles, summer crops must also manage cabbage caterpillars and moths. Use insect nets, biological controls, or approved pesticides like 48% chlorpyrifos. Common diseases include soft rot, black rot, and viral infections. Prevention involves proper field management, adequate watering, and balanced fertilization. Remove infected plants and burn them with lime to prevent spread. For soft rot, use agricultural anti-751 at 1–1.5% of seed weight, or apply Fengling at 50 g per mu. For black rot, mix Fumei Shuangfen or 35% metalaxyl, and spray 72% agricultural streptomycin at 3000–4000 times dilution. Repeat every 7–10 days for 3–4 applications.
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