The anti-season radish, commonly known as the summer white radish, is a variety cultivated in spring and summer, distinct from the traditional winter radishes. This type of radish is known for its crisp texture, sweet flavor, and juicy consistency, making it a popular choice among consumers. As an off-season crop, it offers significant market potential with higher prices and better economic returns. The following outlines the key techniques for successful summer radish cultivation.
**I. Variety Selection**
When choosing varieties for summer planting, it's important to select heat-resistant, disease-resistant, and high-yield types. Varieties such as Xia Zaosheng III, Xia Qiu Mino, Bai Qiu Mino, and Bai Yu Wang are highly recommended. These varieties feature a smooth, pure white skin, minimal fiber content, and long, straight roots that typically measure 35 to 40 cm in length with a diameter of about 6 to 6.5 cm. Each plant can weigh over 1 kg, and they show strong resistance to soft rot and black rot. Another option, with a green and white collar, has a slightly larger root diameter (around 8.5 cm) and a weight of more than 0.9 kg, offering better disease resistance.
**II. Main Cultivation Season and Sowing Date**
Summer planting should begin at the end of June to early July, with harvesting taking place from late August to early September. This timing ensures the radishes grow under optimal conditions, avoiding the peak of summer heat while still benefiting from warm temperatures.
**III. Soil Preparation, Fertilization, and Sowing**
White radishes require deep, loose, and fertile sandy loam soil with a depth of over 30 cm. Before planting, the soil must be thoroughly loosened, leveled, and free of stones or debris. Apply 2000 kg of high-quality organic manure per acre, along with 20 kg of diammonium phosphate and 3–4 kg of potash fertilizer. Create small ridges spaced 50 cm apart, with a height of 15 cm, and plant seeds in furrows, using a seeding rate of 2–4 seeds per hole. Maintain a plant spacing of 25–30 cm to ensure proper growth.
**IV. Field Management**
During the summer, the focus should be on heat tolerance, drought resistance, flood control, and pest management. Ensure the fields have good irrigation and drainage systems. Avoid sowing during heavy rain, and maintain consistent moisture levels, especially during dry periods. Water should be cooled before application to help regulate the field’s microclimate. After rain, open the ditches to prevent waterlogging and promote root health. Regular weeding and timely thinning of seedlings are also essential. When the roots start to swell, apply appropriate amounts of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers to support growth.
**V. Pest and Disease Control**
In addition to aphids and spotted flies, summer radish cultivation must also manage pests like cabbage caterpillars and noctuid moths. Insect nets and insecticides such as 48% chlorpyrifos can be used for effective control. Common diseases include soft rot, black rot, and viral infections. Prevention involves proper field management, balanced watering and fertilization, and controlling weeds and pests. Organic fertilizer should be well applied, with adequate phosphate and potash, and nitrogen use should be moderate.
For soft rot, treatments like Agricultural Anti-751, Fengling, or streptomycin sulfate can be used. For black rot, mixtures such as Fumei Shuangfen or metalaxyl are effective. Early treatment with 72% agricultural streptomycin or 200 times Fengling solution can help control the spread of disease. Regular spraying every 7–10 days for 3–4 times is recommended.
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