The bamboo grasshopper, also known as the "fungus queen," is a rare and highly valued edible mushroom. Its artificial cultivation in China began in the 1970s, initially thriving in the mountainous regions of Jiangnan. By the late 1980s, the use of crop stalks as a growing medium allowed for successful cultivation in northern plains, expanding its potential. Since 2000, an efficient intercropping system has been developed, combining bamboo shoots with grain crops, significantly boosting economic returns.
**Cultivation Patterns and Expected Returns**
Table 1 outlines the different cultivation methods, along with expected yields and revenue:
| Crop Name | Cultivation Season | Area (m²) | Yield (kg) | Output Value (¥) |
|-----------------|-----------------------------------|-----------|------------|------------------|
| Wheat | Mid-Oct to End of May next year | 330 | 300 | 400–450 |
| Lettuce | Early Nov to Late Mar | 330 | 2000 | 1000–1500 |
| Bamboo Shoots | End of March to End of Sept next year | 165 | 25–30 (dry weight) | 2000–2500 |
| Corn | Mid-Apr to End of July | 330 | 300–400 | 350–500 |
| Luffa Gourd | Mid-May to Late Sept | 330 | 2000–2500 | 1200–2000 |
| Cabbage | Late July to Early Oct | 330 | 3000 | 1200–1800 |
**Cultivation Techniques**
**Autumn Sowing of Wheat**
Choose flat, well-drained land with slightly acidic soil. In mid-October, sow six rows of wheat at 1-meter intervals in a north-south direction.
**Winter Planting of Lettuce**
In early November, dig 15 cm deep and 15–20 cm wide ditches in the 1m gap. Create a turtle-shaped bed, plant two lettuce plants per side, spaced 25 cm apart horizontally and 30 cm vertically. Cover with a plastic film and install a small arch shed in mid-February. Harvest in late March.
**Spring Planting of Bamboo Shoots**
After harvesting lettuce, prepare the area by digging a 50 cm wide and 10 cm deep ditch. Add lime for sterilization, then layer with fine soil, soybean stalks, corn stalks, and a mix of bacteria. Cover with a 3–5 cm layer of soil and plastic film. Ventilate daily to promote mycelium growth. Remove the cover when temperatures rise above 25°C, and keep the soil moist with straw.
**On-Demand Corn**
In mid-April, plant corn on either side of the bamboo beds, 5–10 cm from the edge. Once mature, it creates a favorable microclimate for bamboo growth. After harvest, use the corn stalks as a loofah support.
**Loofah Planting**
In mid-May, plant loofahs 50 cm apart outside the corn rows. Install poles and wires to support climbing. The shade and moisture from loofahs benefit the bamboo shoots later.
**Summer Cabbage and Wheat Rotation**
After harvesting cabbage and wheat, leave space for pathways. In mid-July, plant early autumn cabbage in the center of the walkway. Harvest before National Day. After the second bamboo harvest, clear the area, cut back crops, and return waste to the field as fertilizer.
**Precautions**
**Preferred Varieties**
Select high-quality, climate-adapted varieties. For bamboo, choose medium to high-temperature types like DL-01, which thrives between 25–35°C.
**Choosing Cultivation Materials**
Use fresh, dry crop stalks, cut into 5–10 cm pieces. Soak them until moisture reaches 65%. For 1 m², 10 kg of dry material is needed.
**Soil Covering Material**
Use rich humus soil, crushed and sun-dried for sterilization. Keep the moisture at 65% before application.
In conclusion, this intercropping system leverages the natural growth cycles of fungi, grains, and vegetables, turning agricultural waste into valuable resources. It reduces straw burning, enriches the soil, and boosts land productivity. Compared to traditional crops like wheat and corn, farmers can earn significantly more income—often thousands of yuan per 667 square meters. This method offers a sustainable and profitable solution for farmers looking to increase their income through smart land use.
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