First, it is essential to shift the use of chemical fertilizers toward organic alternatives, particularly basic and alfalfa-based cake fertilizers, as well as multi-component organic-inorganic compound fertilizers. These options not only meet the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium needs of citrus trees throughout their growth cycle but also help replenish essential micronutrients such as magnesium and zinc. This approach can effectively improve soil acidity and reduce bulk density, leading to better nutrient absorption by plants. It also helps prevent or correct nutrient deficiency symptoms in citrus, enhances soil fertility, and ultimately increases fruit sugar content.
Second, increasing calcium fertilizer application is crucial. Research has shown a strong correlation between soil calcium levels and citrus fruit acidity. Higher calcium content typically results in lower acidity, while low calcium leads to more acidic conditions. In our city, most citrus orchards are situated on red soil, which tends to be acidic with a pH ranging from 5.0 to 6.0. Calcium deficiency is common in these soils. To address this, applying calcium-rich fertilizers like quicklime in spring is recommended. This practice not only boosts soil calcium levels but also provides the necessary nutrients for citrus tree development. It is advised to apply 50-60 kilograms of fresh lime per orchard annually to reduce soil acidity and create a more favorable growing environment.
Third, it's important to move away from blind fertilization practices and instead adopt soil testing and precision fertilization. Since different citrus growth stages have varying nutrient requirements, and soil fertility levels can differ significantly across orchards, conducting regular soil tests allows for targeted and effective fertilization. This method ensures that any nutrient deficiencies are addressed promptly, improving both the quality and yield of citrus fruits. Additionally, it helps reduce unnecessary fertilizer costs, making the overall process more efficient and economically sustainable.
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