First, observe the crop watering
Seeing the seedling watering is the use of the external appearance of the crop to determine if the soil contains more water. Taking cucumber as an example, the leaves during the seedling stage are yellow and roots appear. Usually the ground temperature is low and the water content is too large. The leaves are green and the root color is white. The adventitious roots under the hypocotyl are normal, indicating that the temperature and humidity are suitable. Green, glossy leaves, green and flat, bread stretched, tendrils stretched and curled moderately, flowering nodes 40-50 cm from the growing point, indicating normal moisture; faucet not exhibited, leaf packing tight, flowering nodes spaced from growing point 20-30 cm, indicating lack of water; growth contraction, flower topping, tendrils short and early curling, indicating severe water shortage. The tendrils tend to be thick and straight, the leaves are large and thin, and the flowering nodes are more than 50-60 cm above the growth point, which is a surface with excessive water content. Through practical exploration of other crops, we can also see that the seedlings can control the water condition and timely water the seedlings.
Second, watering according to the fertility stage.
It is a general rule that crops are watered at different growth periods. Taking cucumber as an example, on the basis of ordinary pouring water, each plant will be planted with 1.5-2 kilograms of planting water, and will be irrigated with water for 5-7 days after planting. About 70-80% of the plant's roots in the field grow to about 10 cm. The melons are black and the melons grow quickly and then watered. If sensation is good, the water during this period can be extended until the water is harvested. In the beginning and end of the melon period, the plants are short, the transpiration of the leaves is small, the number of melons is also small, and the ventilation is also small. Usually, the water is poured once every 5-7 days, and the water must be poured under the membrane; the transpiration of the melons increases as the amount of transpiration increases. The results of the increase in the number of ventilation increases, generally 3-4 days, pouring water, and increase the amount of water; not melon plants tend to aging, should reduce the number of watering and watering, as appropriate.
Third, water according to climate characteristics
Watering in winter greenhouses generally chooses sunny days. After pouring, it is best to have several consecutive sunny days. During the day, watering in winter or early spring should be placed in the morning. This not only has a small gap between water temperature and temperature, but also allows for the recovery of ground temperature. It also has sufficient time for evacuation. Generally, it should not be watered in the afternoon or evening, especially on cloudy snow days. Otherwise, the humidity in the shed can be too large, causing serious diseases. It should not be watered at noon to avoid high temperature watering affecting the roots' ecological function. In spring and early summer, water should be selected for watering in the morning and evening. At this time, the weather is hot and the greenhouse can be ventilated overnight to cool down.
Fourth, use advanced technology to water
In terms of greenhouse vegetables in greenhouses, high temperature, high humidity, or low temperature and high humidity all contribute to the occurrence of rent and spread of vegetable diseases. The use of traditional extensive flood irrigation methods not only facilitates cooling and increases humidity. If drip irrigation under the membrane is used, that is, it is covered with a plastic film and drip irrigation (or drip irrigation tape) is applied under the membrane. Not only can the plastic film cover increase ground temperature and improve near-surface illumination, but it can also reduce evaporation of soil moisture and reduce air humidity. Reduce the incidence of vegetable diseases. At the same time, pay attention to the amount of water that is poured, and use warm water of 20-30°C when planting in winter. Normally, the water temperature is required to be as close as possible to the local ground temperature, and it is generally best to use well water for irrigation. Avoid using river water or cold water in the pond.
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