The occurrence and impact of pests and diseases in tea gardens play a significant role in determining the yield and quality of tea. In organic tea farming, the use of all chemically synthesized pesticides is strictly prohibited. Instead, farmers must rely on the natural growing conditions of tea plants and implement strategies such as agricultural practices, physical controls, and biological methods. The goal is to establish a well-balanced planting system that supports a healthy ecological environment, thereby enhancing the ecosystem's natural ability to control pests and diseases. This approach not only serves as a crucial technical step in organic tea production but also reflects a core principle of organic agriculture.
Maintaining a healthy ecological balance in tea gardens is essential, which means minimizing or completely avoiding the use of chemical pesticides. Although there are numerous pests and diseases that can affect tea plants, only a few species are typically considered the main threats. These key pests usually share common characteristics: their active periods align with the growth stages of tea shoots, the damage they cause exceeds what the plants can naturally tolerate, and their population levels often fluctuate above or below economic thresholds.
By focusing on the management of these primary pests and diseases, it becomes possible to significantly reduce the losses caused by infestations. Therefore, the pest control strategy in organic tea gardens is built upon a deep understanding of the unique ecological conditions of the tea plantation. It takes into account the limitations of conventional agricultural methods, especially the negative consequences of pesticide use, while embracing the principles of working with nature. This involves applying ecological methods and leveraging the natural regulatory mechanisms within the tea garden environment. The main focus is on agricultural measures, supplemented by targeted biological and physical control techniques. Additionally, plant-based and mineral-derived pesticides that meet organic standards are used when necessary, ensuring the long-term health and vitality of the tea plants.
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