In recent years, the author relies on planting nearly 20 acres of sweet orange, has received substantial returns every year, mu income of more than 6,000 yuan. The reason why sweet oranges in my family can be produced year after year is because I pay special attention to the effectiveness of adopting new technology management technologies in the winter. The key to the management of sweet orange fruit trees in winter is to form a better canopy for sweet orange fruit trees, and to achieve high yields in the coming year to reduce the degree of pest damage. Therefore, the management of sweet orange orchards in winter is very important.
First, tree management 1. Pruning: To be tree-oriented, respect the "tree rights", the results of the tree only cut dry and dry branches, serious pests and branches (especially the leaves of the leafhopper moth serious roll branches), no use value The cross-branches, the old thorns, and the late-autumn shoots that cannot be changed by the short shears, especially the tops of the tarot blood oranges, are prone to grow and the longer leggy branches are to be cut short. The result is that the trees are properly harvested after the fruit is harvested. prune. Attention must not be cut off the results of the second year of the twig, try to retain the middle and lower branches of the canopy, so that fewer cuts, light cuts, more pull branches, make it reasonable, uniform branching, forming a natural happy shape. 2. Flower-stimulating technology: spraying of 0.6% urea solution (ie, the ratio of 6 urea to 100 kg of water) was started in early November, so that it can be sprayed once a month for 4 months from November to February of the following year. Effectively promote flower bud differentiation, achieve the purpose of flowering results in the coming year.
Second, fertilizer and water management 1. Water: The tree has been planted more than three years of the results of the plan, the soil moisture is high, it should be ditch drainage, reduce soil moisture, flower bud differentiation and favorable results. 2. Fertilizers: All orchard sweet orange seedlings will be stopped using chemical nitrogen fertilizer (urea, ammonium bicarbonate) from the beginning of October to mid-February the following year to avoid late autumn shoots and yellowing and breeding of pests. However, it should be applied according to the age of the trees. Clear manure, ash, fertilizer and other farm fertilizers. In particular, the fruit orchards that have been fruited are required to apply a pre-harvest fertilizer mainly composed of organic fertilizers in mid-November and combine irrigation with drought.
3. Pest Control 1. Apply insecticide to pests: Apply pesticides before the end of October to prevent and control insect pests such as red, yellow spiders, and rust wallworms, and completely eradicate overwhelming insect sources; from November to the end of January Subsequent use of "lithium sulfur" crystals by 3 ~ 4 two (first with water-soluble) water ratio of 30 pounds of orange seedlings evenly spraying the entire garden, can effectively kill red, yellow spiders and rust ticks, shell Insects and other pests. 2 trunk white: This method can prevent freezing damage, and cure a variety of pests. The method is to use a "lithium sulfur" crystal 1 kg, salt 1 kg, quick lime 10 kg, clear water 30 kg mixed into a paste, smear on the main stem and the main branch and other parts of the light. 3. Kill the "Starlings": Pay attention to check the base of the sweet orange trunks, such as playing with small holes and fresh excrement, you can first use the wire to exclude the excrement, and then use the hook to kill the insects or use cotton boiled "dimethoate" "Or "dichlorvos" stuffed into the hole, and then close the hole with yellow mud.
4. Cold-frost-proof Orange fruit trees are evergreen fruit trees, which are semi-dormant in winter and have very weak cold resistance. Therefore, it is also an important part to attach importance to the prevention of cold and freezing in the winter of sweet oranges. 1. Coverage: The arrival of cold winter use different coverings (such as straw, straw or shade net, thin waste film, etc.) to cover the roots of fruit trees to prevent nighttime ground temperature radiation, in order to increase the surface temperature of fruit roots. 2. Earthing piles: The soil can thicken the soil layer, inhibit the evaporation of soil moisture, increase the soil temperature, and raise the soil height so as not to exceed the grafting interface. After the frost period in the next spring, the soil should be split to prevent the rotting of the neck. 3. Pay attention to winter irrigation: In the orchard with irrigation conditions, it should be timely irrigated 3 to 5 days before the onset of the cold wave, and the amount of water in the tree inventory should be 10-15 cm. Note that the irrigation should be conducted at a high temperature at noon. Water should be soaked, drained immediately after irrigation and cultivated in a timely manner to prevent freezing after irrigation. 4. Smoke fumes: Thick frost tends to freeze the sweet oranges, especially the frost-frozen frost will exacerbate freezing damage. Therefore, according to the weather forecast, smoke can be used to radiate heat, reduce frost, smoke smoke, can use chaff, sawdust, defoliation, straw, etc., 4 to 6 piles per acre, lit before the onset of low temperatures. 5. Spraying steaming and moisturizing agent: Spray the steam insulation agent on the crown before the low temperature. It can inhibit evaporation of leaf moisture, reduce heat loss, and play a thermal insulation effect.
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