The early ripening cherry fruit has the reputation of “the first branch of fresh fruit reported in spring†and is favored by cultivaters for its high economic benefit in cultivation, short fruit growing period, and easy management. Recently, Mr. Ren from Zhoukou City and Mr. Wu from Luohe City sent inquiries: Is it possible for large cherries to be grown there and how to grow crops to achieve high yields? Here's a brief introduction to the high-yield cultivation techniques for big cherries.
Big cherries are warm and cold, and are suitable for cultivation in areas with an average annual temperature of 10°C to 15°C. It is understood that many villages in Zhoukou City and Luohe City have introduced and grown large cherries in recent years. The large cherry produced has a good taste and can be planted with confidence.
Fertilizer management
The soil should be loosened frequently. Every spring, summer and autumn, plowing should be done once a year. The depth of ploughing should be about 25 centimeters in order to extend the root system. Fertilizer management should be applied to the base fertilizer. Topdressing should be done mainly with nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage and phosphorus and potash fertilizer in the later stage. Base fertilizer is applied every year from mid-September to October of each year. Each plant applies 30-50 kg of organic fertilizer, 0.5 kg of urea, and 1.5 kg of superphosphate. Pre-growth (before May) 0.75 kg of urea per plant promotes shoot growth. After each month, 0.5 kg of calcium phosphate and 1.2 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per plant. Cherry is not tolerant to drought and does not tolerate drought. From the germination stage to the early flowering stage, one stage of water can be poured according to soil moisture, so that the relative humidity of the soil is about 80%, and the relative humidity of the soil is controlled to be 60% to 70%.
Pruning
Tree-shaped cultivation of large cherries using a spindle shape is beneficial to the early high-yield and stable production. This type of tree requires the cultivation of strong seedlings 1.5 meters or more in diameter, a height of 80 to 90 centimeters. When the main branch is not cultivated in the year, the shoots on the trunk are severely cut short in winter, and the main branch is cultivated in the second year. . This can increase the level difference between the stem and the main branch, which is conducive to the cultivation of affiliation.
Summer pruning summer pruning is mainly to ease tree vigor and promote flower bud formation. Pull the branches: Before the summer solstice or from August to September, pull the branches to open the angle to avoid canopy closure. Auxiliary branches open angle angle of 80 to 90 degrees. Carving: Before germination, a knife deep in the xylem is crossed horizontally above the branches of the buds and leaves, which can prompt the tree to shoot new shoots. Topping: The strong Wang sticks should be continuously picked up; the long sticks and middle sticks that germinate after budding should be picked up and cultivated into medium and small sticks when they are 15 cm long; the stems that grow vigorously should be picked up 2 or 3 times a year. If it is to increase the fruit setting rate, it must be done 10 days after flowering. Gingival peeling: The timing of girdling of large cherry is very strong. It usually takes 10 days from flowering to flowering. Thinning: Remove perennial branches that are too dense, too strong, and disordered canopy. Large branches that do not have a reserve value, which can seriously affect the ventilation and transmission of the crown, can be removed from the base. In early June, the branches were fine and the wounds healed easily.
Sapling Management
The saplings are mainly cultivated tree skeletons. In addition to properly removing some dense and overlapping stems, we should try to retain as much as possible some of the branches and twigs, light and short one-year-old branches, and promote more branches. To benefit the growth of the backbone. The saplings of the 3rd to 4th year old saplings should be determined according to their growth and strength. Extension branches should be cut 40-50 cm. Generally, the buds that are left standing outside and the branches standing upright can also remain buds. When the winter cuts are cut, the buds are cut off, and the outer buds are used as the extension branches, so that the angle can be opened to suppress the overshoots. Wang grows. The twigs on the branches at all levels within the canopy do not move so that they form fruit branches as early as possible to facilitate early results.
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