The piglets have the characteristics of fast growth and strong metabolism, and have a high nutritional requirement for the diet. With such high energy requirements, it is difficult to achieve a diet prepared mainly of corn and soybean cake. Therefore, it is necessary to add a certain percentage of oil. Experimental studies have confirmed that the addition of oils and fats to the sub-pig diet improves the utilization of energy and protein, and the growth rate of the piglet is significantly faster. In particular, pigs with a lower birth weight have a more pronounced effect. In addition, fat can also reduce feed dust, reduce heat shock, improve feed flavor, improve feed appearance and reduce feed heating.
First, what is the type of fat feed
Oil and fat feed includes animal and vegetable oils, animal oils such as lard, beef tallow, fish oil, etc. The metabolisable energy is more than 33.5 MJ per kilogram. In animal fats, the unsaturated fatty acid content in lard is higher than that in butter, and fish oil is cheap. Easy rancidity is not easy to save. Vegetable oils such as rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, and corn oil have low metabolic energy and are also 29.5 MJ per kilogram. In general, the best ratio of oil in the sub-pig diet is: 10%-15% in the early stage and 5%-6% in the latter stage. Practice has proved that the combination of vegetable oil and animal fat is better than single application. It is better to mix vegetable oil and animal oil in a ratio of 1:1 or 2:1. In our day-to-day production, the lard oil in the braised meat store and the lard as a by-product of the meat factory are the best cheap animal fats. The researchers mixed soybean oil and short-chain saturated coconut oil in a 21-day-old weaned pig diet and found that pigs fed with soybean oil and coconut oil had higher daily gains and feed rewards.
Second, how to add a reasonable
1. Directly add the fat to the feed evenly and evenly. Because of the large viscosity of the oil, it must be heated and melted before it is added. Add less powder, mix evenly, gradually dilute, and finally balance the rest of the diet. Mix partially. Do not add fats and premixes and additives at the same time, to avoid the formation of small particles of grease and these additives affect the uniformity of feed. The oil may be added first, and then the additives may be added after mixing thoroughly, or the oil may be added after adding the additives and mixing thoroughly.
2. After adding high oil, add the comminuted corn to a high oil feed containing 10% or 20% of oil, and then add the appropriate amount of corn and oil according to the required ratio.
3. Spray Add the available sprayer to evenly spray the grease onto the surface of the pelleted feed. For conditional production of pellet feed, 30% of the added amount of fat can also be added to the pellet feed, and the other 70% is sprayed onto the surface of the pellets, thereby improving the palatability.
Third, the problem should be paid attention to when using
1. Heat disinfection. Grease should be tanned before use. One of its functions is to eliminate the bacteria and ensure feed safety. The second is to facilitate mixing.
2. Pay attention to the balance of nutrition in the diet. After the oil is added, due to the increase of the energy level in the diet, other nutrients in the feed must be adjusted accordingly, especially to keep the protein energy ratio unchanged.
3. Supplemental nutritional elements. A sufficient amount of choline or methionine should be added to prevent the occurrence of fatty liver due to poor fat metabolism. Choline should be added in an amount of 0.2% and methionine should be added in an amount of 0.15%. Second, to supplement zinc and selenium and other trace elements. Third, we must add enough vitamin E to improve the body's antioxidant capacity.
4. Antioxidants should be added to the feed. Antioxidants may be added in amounts of 200 grams per ton to prevent rancidity.
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