From late July to early August 2005, Chongqing continued to experience high temperatures, and the weather in some districts and counties was extremely hot. Many meat rabbit farms developed a disease that hampered the growth and development of rabbits, especially in breeding rabbits and female rabbits during the second trimester. The incidence is high, the effect of antibiotic treatment is unsatisfactory, the mortality rate is high, and it causes serious economic losses to farmers. After diagnosis of a rabbit thermal attack, the report is as follows.
1 Onset On August 12th, 2005, 300 rabbits were raised in a rabbit farm in Chongqing and they began to die. At the beginning of the disease, the rabbit suffers from loss of appetite, unresponsiveness, stretches of the limbs, the abdomen clinging to the bottom of the cage, and rapid breathing and heartbeat. As the temperature continues to rise, the rabbit suffers from loss of appetite, shortness of breath, dizziness, mucous membranes, conjunctival hyperemia, flushing, and moist, reddishness around the nostrils, and some rabbits shed a small amount of blood from the mouth and nostrils. Some rabbits suddenly fell to the ground and developed generalized spasms. Then they screamed and died several times. The total number of symptomatic rabbits was 180, and 30 patients died during treatment. The incidence rate was 60%, and the mortality rate was 10%. Breeding rabbits over 60 days of age and females during the latter part of pregnancy are most susceptible to morbidity and have the highest incidence. A few of the 35-day to 60-day-old young rabbits develop disease, and the young rabbits within 35 days of age do not develop the disease.
2 The pathological changes of dead rabbits were full of muscles and the visceral temperature increased above 42.0 °C. Pulmonary congestion edema, dark red. Mesentery, pleura, etc. have bloody spots. The thymus, liver, and heart also have severe bruising or cyanosis, discoloration, degeneration, and edema of the pectoral muscles, abdominal muscles, and back muscles. There were hemorrhages in the pectoral muscle, endocardium, epicardium, lungs, and brain. The liver sinusoids, the red pulp of the spleen, brain parenchyma and perivascular tissue, and myocardial interstitium were slightly infiltrated by acidic granulocytes.
3 Diagnosis According to epidemiology, clinical symptoms, pathological necropsy and histopathological changes [1-2], diagnosed as hot blast disease in rabbits.
4 Treatment is based on the "moving, promoting (dipping), diagnosing, correcting, and treating" five-word treatment of heat stroke [3]. Immediately move the sick rabbit from the cage to the ground or in a well-ventilated shade, keep it quiet, and give the rabbit cool water. At the same time, the rabbits were splashed with deep well water and bathed in cold water to reduce the body temperature of the rabbits. At the beginning of the disease, the ear veins and tail tips were immediately bleed to a volume of about 10 mL. Then, based on body weight, intravenous injections of sodium chloride, vitamin C, glucose, and dexamethasone in normal saline (100 mL to 150 mL) were performed. Finally, intravenous injection of 3 mL to 5 mL with 50 g/L sodium bicarbonate solution or 100 mL to 250 mL of enema with 50 g/L sodium bicarbonate solution. Intracranial pressure increased performance, with 250 g / L glucose intravenously; for excitement, available chlorpromazine intramuscular injection of 1 mL / only ~ 2 mL / only. Dosing once a day for 3 days. After the diseased meat rabbits adopted the above treatment measures, most of the diseased rabbits were completely cured within 2 days to 3 days, and the therapeutic rate was over 80%.
5 In the event of a heat stroke, you should promptly adopt the five-word treatment method of “moving, promoting (dipping), maintaining, correcting, and treatingâ€. As there is no specific treatment drug for this disease, attention should be paid to preventing the occurrence of the disease. The key is how to reduce the temperature of the rabbit house and improve the environment of the rabbit house. Specific measures can be taken as follows.
5.1 Add chemical drugs to the diet of heat-stress-resistant drugs, such as 50 g to 100 g of vitamin C per 100 kg of feed; 1 g/L of sodium chloride, 2 g/L of ammonium chloride, 2 g/ L Potassium chloride, 1 g/L sodium bicarbonate, drinking water. Can also be fed anti-heat stress Chinese medicine, such as Andrographis, Banlangen, dandelion, licorice, Astragalus, Bupleurum, habitat, Pulsatilla, such as Hexi.
5.2 Cooling and Ventilation Shade and heat insulation and sun protection. High crowned trees are planted 2 m to 3 m away from the rabbit house wall. Pergola was built around the rabbit house. On both sides of the rabbit house, a sunshade is constructed using a lightproof net. Build roof insulation, plant roofs, and plant thermal insulation. In the rabbit house, a glass fibre insulation cotton is used to build the ceiling [4]. Can also spray water cooling, such as tile surface spray, rabbits and rabbits spray water at the same time add a small irritant disinfectant. Strengthen ventilation and accelerate indoor air circulation.
5.3 Others Reduce stocking density and transfer to groups. Transfer the animals to a cool and cool place and supply sufficient and cool drinking water. The water temperature is preferably 10 °C to 15 °C. Change the feeding time and feeding method to become feeding in the morning and night, feed the full price pellet feed in the evening, and feed the juicy green feed in the morning. Adjust the vaccination time. Vaccinations can be done at night or in the morning.
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