Buckwheat is a versatile crop with important development value and has a wide range of cultivation. It is resistant to barrenness and has a short growing period. It can be used for new land cultivation and recreational land cultivation. It is also a good honey source crop. Buckwheat is not only a food resource that integrates nutrition, medical care and health care, but also has high economic value. It has a wide market demand. With the development of brewing industry, feed industry and development of health food, people use quinoa. There is a new understanding of value. The following will describe the six excellent buckwheat varieties suitable for planting in our province as follows:
No.3
I. Source of varieties: Yulin Agricultural College of Shaanxi Province was selected and bred in 1994.
Second, the characteristics of characteristics: plant stems hard, short internode distance, plant height 90-110 cm, the main stem and the branches at the top of the multi-flowering and dense, flowers are white, mature plants, the lower part of the red, the upper part of the yellow-green, grain It is light brown, with sharp edges and corners, three prisms, full grain, grain weight 34 grams, whole growth period of 80 days, medium maturing varieties, compact plant type, weak branching habit, high seed setting rate, lodging resistance, resistance to fall Strong granularity.
Third, quality: protein content of 10.21%, fat content of 1.95%, starch content of 68.7%.
Fourth, suitable for planting areas and production levels: General yield levels of 80-150 kg per mu, suitable for central Gansu and other regions.
V. Cultivation Techniques:
1. Sowing period: Suitable for sowing on June 15-June 25, or July 10-15.
2. Seeding capacity: The average seed yield per mu is 2.5 kg, and the seed yield per mu is 3 kg.
3. Management measures: Autumn ploughing can prevent the damage of buckwheat hookworms.
Chuanxi No.1
First, the source of the variety: Chuanxi No. 1 system Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture Zhaojue agricultural science research selected.
Second, characteristics: grain long cone, black, 1000-grain weight 20-21 grams, weight 1.8 grams per plant, seedlings green, mature into purple, plant height is about 90 cm, compact plant type, seed concentration point, Inflorescence stalk is lower, effective inflorescence is more, branches are at the bottom, hull rate is 30%, drought resistance is strong, resistance to lodging, resistance to brown spot of buckwheat, the species is early mature, and the whole growth period is about 78 days.
Third, quality: Chuanxiong No. 1 protein content of 15.6%, fat content of 9.9%, rutin, 2.04%, vitamin E content of 0.53%, vitamin C content of 4.53 micrograms / 100 grams, 69.1% starch content, extraction rate of about 63.7%.
Fourth, the output performance: Chuanxiong 1 planted in the middle and upper fertility soil, can produce 125-170 kilograms per acre, 160-190 kilograms per acre better soil fertility, the highest per acre can produce more than 200 kilograms.
V. Suitable planting areas: Spring is generally suitable for planting in mountainous regions with an elevation of 2,000-2,700 meters above sea level; in the summer, it is suitable for planting in arid and semi-arid regions with an elevation of 1,900-2,500 meters in the central part of Gansu, etc.; suitable for autumn is at an altitude of 1500-1200. m planted at low elevations,
Six, cultivation techniques:
1. Sowing period: The spring planting season is in the mid-April; the summer planting season is from late May to early June; the planting of the autumn planting in late July to early August is more appropriate.
2. Seeding rate: The planting density is 4-5 kg/mu, and 10,000-130,000 plants are more suitable.
3. Fertilizer amount: Fertilizer amount is 4000-5000 kg per acre, and 30 kg of phosphate fertilizer is used as base fertilizer. Normally, 5 kg per acre of nitrogen fertilizer can be applied, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer can also be applied.
Seven, field management: field management to weed 1, pay attention to the prevention and treatment of the two-column firefly A, buckwheat hook-wing moth, flowering knot real-time drainage flood control, at the same time in the field to go miscellaneous and inferior, when the field plant 80% of the grain present the species Harvest in time for normal ripeness (black).
Jiujiang bitterness
First, the source of the variety: In Jiangxi Province in 1981, it was selected to breed "Bitter Gourd in Jiujiang".
II. Variety characteristics: Plant height 108.5 cm, compact plant type, 5.2 primary branches, 16.6 stems, young shoots green, obvious anthocyanin spots at the base of the leaves, small flowers, yellow-green, fragrance-free Self-pollination, grain brown, rough skin, wavy edge, dark depression at the center, the weight of the plant 4.26 grams, a thousand grain weight 20.15 grams. Emergence to maturity 80 days, lodging resistance, drought resistance, light weight, strong suitability.
Third, quality: Protein content 10.5%, crude starch content 69.83%, lysine content 0.696%.
Production performance: From 1984 to 1986, participated in the national buckwheat fine seed regional trial, with an average yield of 1421.55 kg/ha for three years, ranking first in buckwheat, with a maximum yield of 3907.51 kg/ha, and the second round of national production from 1987 to 1989. Tartarian buckwheat good regional trial, the average annual output of 2175 kg/ha.
V. Suitable planting areas: Areas with good water and fertilizer conditions in the southeast of Gansu.
Six, cultivation techniques:
1. Seeding period: Autumn sowing is appropriate before August 20.
2. Seeding rate: Seeding rate 52.5 kg/ha, basic seedlings 1.07 million/ha.
Seven, field management: prevent drought and drought, 70% of grain mature timely harvest, apply good nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer.
Sweet buckwheat 92-1
I. Source of variety: Wumai 92-1 is the introduction of the buckwheat breeding group in the dry agriculture center in Dingxi.
Second, characteristics: plant height 65-80 cm, leaves green, peach-shaped, white flowers, limited inflorescence, a primary branch of 4.4-8.4, secondary branches 2.4, loose plant type, high yield drought, decay, single The grain weight of the plant was 2.86 grams, and the grain weight was 30-40 grams. The grains were dark brown and triangular in shape. The husk rate was about 20%, and the growing period was 70-75 days.
III. Output: The output of buckwheat 92-1 is generally 2250 kg/ha.
Fourth, suitable for planting areas: Dingxi, Longxi, Huining, Tongyu, Yuzhong and other places, but also in other provinces in our province except for the chilly and damp outside the other buckwheat production area.
Fifth, cultivation techniques:
1. Sowing period: The sowing date is from June 28 to July 5 in the central arid region.
2. Seeding rate: The seeding rate is 45-60 kg/ha and the seedling protection is 1.2-1.3 million/ha.
3. Fertilizer amount: 45,000 kg/ha of farmyard fertilizer, 45 kg/ha of pure nitrogen, and 37.5 kg/ha of phosphorus pentoxide.
Six, field management: peas, lentils pods best, potato pods can also, avoid heavy fertilizer; sowing depth of 3-5 cm, weeding 1-2 times, trapping kill rats. When 80% of seeds appear intrinsic color, they are timely harvested.
Ganzi 2
I. Variety source: Pingliang Institute of Agricultural Sciences.
Second, the characteristics of characteristics: Ganzi 2 (8612), plant height 75-86 cm, for the culm varieties, pale green leaves, peach-leaf type, white flowers, compact plant type, limited inflorescence, a primary branch of five, two branches 6, suitable for dense planting, lodging resistance, grain weight 1.71 g, grain weight 31.4 g, brown grain, three prism shape, its stable character, high yield, stable yield, drought resistance, resistance to borer, suitable range, comprehensive traits, growth period 71-90 days.
Third, quality: Grain contains 12.84% crude protein, crude fat 2.76%, starch 49.16%, lysine 0.52%.
Fourth, suitable for planting areas: suitable for planting in North China Summer Broadcasting Area (except Inner Mongolia).
V. Output: The average yield per mu is 110.5 kg, which is 54.1% higher than that of the local pilot planted varieties. From 1991 to 1992, the average annual output of the third buckwheat plant was 168.8 kg, ranking second, and the first variety ( Peony èž) The difference is not significant. In 1992, the average output of 14100 mu was 129 kg, an increase of 32% over the local average. The average yield per mu was 187 kg in Chenping Village, Rendai Township, Jingning County, creating the highest record of local buckwheat production per mu.
Six, cultivation techniques:
1. Seeding period: Pingliang area spring sowing in early May, summer sowing in mid-July.
2. Fertilizing amount: When sowing, Mushi N. pure nitrogen is 7.83 kg, phosphorus pentoxide is 5.24 kg, and ammonia-phosphorus ratio is 1:0.7.
VII. Field Management: It is better to regenerate wheatgrass, sward grass, prevent pests, and harvest in time.
Columbine three-sided buckwheat
First, the source of the variety: Kulun buckwheat Dasanling is a breed cultivated in Inner Mongolia’s Kulun Banner.
Second, the characteristics of characteristics: Kulun buckwheat large triangular black skin, grain size, three prism, a thousand grain weight of 32 grams, plant height is generally 90-100 cm, strong resistance, adapted to plant on sandy soil, the main stem rough , less branches, suitable for dense planting, no lodging. Generally 3-4 branches per plant, higher branches, generally about 25 cm from the ground, easy to harvest. Spikes, flowers white, about 30 spikes per scion, 5-10 knots per panicle, 60-70 capsules per panicle.
Third, the quality: out of rice rate of 55% -60%, high gluten content, rich in protein, fat and a variety of mineral elements with health care functions and vitamin B1, B2 and so on. Protein content was 10.3%—11.9%, starch was 63.3%—75%, crude fiber was 10.3%—13.8%, VB1, VB2, VE content was higher than rice, corn, and other crops. 18 amino acids in proteins have a good effect on many diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension.
Fourth, suitable for planting areas and yield levels: adapt to planting in sandy soil, such as Zhangye, Wuwei, Pingliang, etc. in our province.
The average yield of Kulun buckwheat sorghum can reach 150 kg or more, and the highest yield per mu is 240 kg.
V. Cultivation Techniques:
1. Sowing period: The growth period of Kulun buckwheat sorghum is short, which is 60 days. It can be planted from late June to early July and harvested earlier.
2. The amount of seeding: The seeding distance of the seedlings is 40 cm, the seeding amount of the mu is 4 kg, and the seedlings of the mu will be 110,000.
Sixth, field management: Into the flowering period, to shovel the grass, knot and turn over the ground 10 kg per muslim or urea 7.5 kg. In the buckwheat grow 2-3 true leaves to control aphids, omethoate 1500 times liquid for prevention and treatment. When the grains turn from white to brown, and more than 85% of the grains turn black, they are harvested in time.
No.3
I. Source of varieties: Yulin Agricultural College of Shaanxi Province was selected and bred in 1994.
Second, the characteristics of characteristics: plant stems hard, short internode distance, plant height 90-110 cm, the main stem and the branches at the top of the multi-flowering and dense, flowers are white, mature plants, the lower part of the red, the upper part of the yellow-green, grain It is light brown, with sharp edges and corners, three prisms, full grain, grain weight 34 grams, whole growth period of 80 days, medium maturing varieties, compact plant type, weak branching habit, high seed setting rate, lodging resistance, resistance to fall Strong granularity.
Third, quality: protein content of 10.21%, fat content of 1.95%, starch content of 68.7%.
Fourth, suitable for planting areas and production levels: General yield levels of 80-150 kg per mu, suitable for central Gansu and other regions.
V. Cultivation Techniques:
1. Sowing period: Suitable for sowing on June 15-June 25, or July 10-15.
2. Seeding capacity: The average seed yield per mu is 2.5 kg, and the seed yield per mu is 3 kg.
3. Management measures: Autumn ploughing can prevent the damage of buckwheat hookworms.
Chuanxi No.1
First, the source of the variety: Chuanxi No. 1 system Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture Zhaojue agricultural science research selected.
Second, characteristics: grain long cone, black, 1000-grain weight 20-21 grams, weight 1.8 grams per plant, seedlings green, mature into purple, plant height is about 90 cm, compact plant type, seed concentration point, Inflorescence stalk is lower, effective inflorescence is more, branches are at the bottom, hull rate is 30%, drought resistance is strong, resistance to lodging, resistance to brown spot of buckwheat, the species is early mature, and the whole growth period is about 78 days.
Third, quality: Chuanxiong No. 1 protein content of 15.6%, fat content of 9.9%, rutin, 2.04%, vitamin E content of 0.53%, vitamin C content of 4.53 micrograms / 100 grams, 69.1% starch content, extraction rate of about 63.7%.
Fourth, the output performance: Chuanxiong 1 planted in the middle and upper fertility soil, can produce 125-170 kilograms per acre, 160-190 kilograms per acre better soil fertility, the highest per acre can produce more than 200 kilograms.
V. Suitable planting areas: Spring is generally suitable for planting in mountainous regions with an elevation of 2,000-2,700 meters above sea level; in the summer, it is suitable for planting in arid and semi-arid regions with an elevation of 1,900-2,500 meters in the central part of Gansu, etc.; suitable for autumn is at an altitude of 1500-1200. m planted at low elevations,
Six, cultivation techniques:
1. Sowing period: The spring planting season is in the mid-April; the summer planting season is from late May to early June; the planting of the autumn planting in late July to early August is more appropriate.
2. Seeding rate: The planting density is 4-5 kg/mu, and 10,000-130,000 plants are more suitable.
3. Fertilizer amount: Fertilizer amount is 4000-5000 kg per acre, and 30 kg of phosphate fertilizer is used as base fertilizer. Normally, 5 kg per acre of nitrogen fertilizer can be applied, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer can also be applied.
Seven, field management: field management to weed 1, pay attention to the prevention and treatment of the two-column firefly A, buckwheat hook-wing moth, flowering knot real-time drainage flood control, at the same time in the field to go miscellaneous and inferior, when the field plant 80% of the grain present the species Harvest in time for normal ripeness (black).
Jiujiang bitterness
First, the source of the variety: In Jiangxi Province in 1981, it was selected to breed "Bitter Gourd in Jiujiang".
II. Variety characteristics: Plant height 108.5 cm, compact plant type, 5.2 primary branches, 16.6 stems, young shoots green, obvious anthocyanin spots at the base of the leaves, small flowers, yellow-green, fragrance-free Self-pollination, grain brown, rough skin, wavy edge, dark depression at the center, the weight of the plant 4.26 grams, a thousand grain weight 20.15 grams. Emergence to maturity 80 days, lodging resistance, drought resistance, light weight, strong suitability.
Third, quality: Protein content 10.5%, crude starch content 69.83%, lysine content 0.696%.
Production performance: From 1984 to 1986, participated in the national buckwheat fine seed regional trial, with an average yield of 1421.55 kg/ha for three years, ranking first in buckwheat, with a maximum yield of 3907.51 kg/ha, and the second round of national production from 1987 to 1989. Tartarian buckwheat good regional trial, the average annual output of 2175 kg/ha.
V. Suitable planting areas: Areas with good water and fertilizer conditions in the southeast of Gansu.
Six, cultivation techniques:
1. Seeding period: Autumn sowing is appropriate before August 20.
2. Seeding rate: Seeding rate 52.5 kg/ha, basic seedlings 1.07 million/ha.
Seven, field management: prevent drought and drought, 70% of grain mature timely harvest, apply good nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer.
Sweet buckwheat 92-1
I. Source of variety: Wumai 92-1 is the introduction of the buckwheat breeding group in the dry agriculture center in Dingxi.
Second, characteristics: plant height 65-80 cm, leaves green, peach-shaped, white flowers, limited inflorescence, a primary branch of 4.4-8.4, secondary branches 2.4, loose plant type, high yield drought, decay, single The grain weight of the plant was 2.86 grams, and the grain weight was 30-40 grams. The grains were dark brown and triangular in shape. The husk rate was about 20%, and the growing period was 70-75 days.
III. Output: The output of buckwheat 92-1 is generally 2250 kg/ha.
Fourth, suitable for planting areas: Dingxi, Longxi, Huining, Tongyu, Yuzhong and other places, but also in other provinces in our province except for the chilly and damp outside the other buckwheat production area.
Fifth, cultivation techniques:
1. Sowing period: The sowing date is from June 28 to July 5 in the central arid region.
2. Seeding rate: The seeding rate is 45-60 kg/ha and the seedling protection is 1.2-1.3 million/ha.
3. Fertilizer amount: 45,000 kg/ha of farmyard fertilizer, 45 kg/ha of pure nitrogen, and 37.5 kg/ha of phosphorus pentoxide.
Six, field management: peas, lentils pods best, potato pods can also, avoid heavy fertilizer; sowing depth of 3-5 cm, weeding 1-2 times, trapping kill rats. When 80% of seeds appear intrinsic color, they are timely harvested.
Ganzi 2
I. Variety source: Pingliang Institute of Agricultural Sciences.
Second, the characteristics of characteristics: Ganzi 2 (8612), plant height 75-86 cm, for the culm varieties, pale green leaves, peach-leaf type, white flowers, compact plant type, limited inflorescence, a primary branch of five, two branches 6, suitable for dense planting, lodging resistance, grain weight 1.71 g, grain weight 31.4 g, brown grain, three prism shape, its stable character, high yield, stable yield, drought resistance, resistance to borer, suitable range, comprehensive traits, growth period 71-90 days.
Third, quality: Grain contains 12.84% crude protein, crude fat 2.76%, starch 49.16%, lysine 0.52%.
Fourth, suitable for planting areas: suitable for planting in North China Summer Broadcasting Area (except Inner Mongolia).
V. Output: The average yield per mu is 110.5 kg, which is 54.1% higher than that of the local pilot planted varieties. From 1991 to 1992, the average annual output of the third buckwheat plant was 168.8 kg, ranking second, and the first variety ( Peony èž) The difference is not significant. In 1992, the average output of 14100 mu was 129 kg, an increase of 32% over the local average. The average yield per mu was 187 kg in Chenping Village, Rendai Township, Jingning County, creating the highest record of local buckwheat production per mu.
Six, cultivation techniques:
1. Seeding period: Pingliang area spring sowing in early May, summer sowing in mid-July.
2. Fertilizing amount: When sowing, Mushi N. pure nitrogen is 7.83 kg, phosphorus pentoxide is 5.24 kg, and ammonia-phosphorus ratio is 1:0.7.
VII. Field Management: It is better to regenerate wheatgrass, sward grass, prevent pests, and harvest in time.
Columbine three-sided buckwheat
First, the source of the variety: Kulun buckwheat Dasanling is a breed cultivated in Inner Mongolia’s Kulun Banner.
Second, the characteristics of characteristics: Kulun buckwheat large triangular black skin, grain size, three prism, a thousand grain weight of 32 grams, plant height is generally 90-100 cm, strong resistance, adapted to plant on sandy soil, the main stem rough , less branches, suitable for dense planting, no lodging. Generally 3-4 branches per plant, higher branches, generally about 25 cm from the ground, easy to harvest. Spikes, flowers white, about 30 spikes per scion, 5-10 knots per panicle, 60-70 capsules per panicle.
Third, the quality: out of rice rate of 55% -60%, high gluten content, rich in protein, fat and a variety of mineral elements with health care functions and vitamin B1, B2 and so on. Protein content was 10.3%—11.9%, starch was 63.3%—75%, crude fiber was 10.3%—13.8%, VB1, VB2, VE content was higher than rice, corn, and other crops. 18 amino acids in proteins have a good effect on many diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension.
Fourth, suitable for planting areas and yield levels: adapt to planting in sandy soil, such as Zhangye, Wuwei, Pingliang, etc. in our province.
The average yield of Kulun buckwheat sorghum can reach 150 kg or more, and the highest yield per mu is 240 kg.
V. Cultivation Techniques:
1. Sowing period: The growth period of Kulun buckwheat sorghum is short, which is 60 days. It can be planted from late June to early July and harvested earlier.
2. The amount of seeding: The seeding distance of the seedlings is 40 cm, the seeding amount of the mu is 4 kg, and the seedlings of the mu will be 110,000.
Sixth, field management: Into the flowering period, to shovel the grass, knot and turn over the ground 10 kg per muslim or urea 7.5 kg. In the buckwheat grow 2-3 true leaves to control aphids, omethoate 1500 times liquid for prevention and treatment. When the grains turn from white to brown, and more than 85% of the grains turn black, they are harvested in time.
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