Snow has several important benefits for fruit trees during the winter season. First, piling snow around the base of fruit trees helps protect their roots from freezing damage. This layer of snow acts as an insulating blanket, preventing the soil from becoming too cold and reducing the risk of root injury.
Second, melting snow provides essential nutrients to the soil. In fact, snow water contains four times more nitrogen than rainwater of the same volume. This natural nutrient boost supports the growth and health of fruit trees, especially after a long winter when the soil may be depleted.
Third, snow melt increases the moisture content of the soil, which is crucial for fruit trees during dry periods. By maintaining higher soil moisture levels, fruit trees are better equipped to withstand drought conditions and meet their water needs in the spring.
Fourth, the gradual melting of snow under the trees helps promote healthy root development. As the snow slowly thaws, it provides a steady supply of water that encourages strong and deep root growth.
Fifth, snow cover prevents a condition known as "winter draw," where fruit trees suffer from dehydration due to low soil moisture. Even though cold temperatures can be a factor, the main issue is often insufficient water availability. Snow helps maintain soil moisture, ensuring that trees can continue to absorb water through their roots and avoid stress.
Sixth, snow can also help control pests. When snow melts, it absorbs heat from the surrounding environment, lowering the temperature of the soil. This process can freeze and kill overwintering pests that might otherwise harm the trees in the coming season.
To maximize these benefits, it's recommended that snow under fruit trees be at least 30 cm thick. The snow should cover an area equal to or larger than the tree’s canopy projection. If there isn’t enough natural snowfall, you can collect snow from other parts of the orchard or even from outside the area and pile it under the trees. After piling, it’s best to level and compact the snow to ensure even coverage and optimal insulation. This practice ensures that the snow can effectively serve its purpose throughout the winter and into early spring.
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