Chemical fertilizers can have harmful effects on seed germination and seedling growth if not used properly. Some fertilizers contain harmful ions that negatively impact plant development. For example, potassium chloride and ammonium chloride release water-soluble chloride ions when applied to the soil. These ions can inhibit seed germination and damage young seedlings. Similarly, ammonium nitrate and potassium nitrate contain nitrate ions, which can also hinder the germination process and are not recommended for use as seed fertilizers.
In addition to ionic content, some fertilizers may have toxic effects. Urea, for instance, often contains a small amount of biuret during its production. When the biuret content exceeds 2%, it becomes toxic to seeds and seedlings. Moreover, urea molecules with high nitrogen content can penetrate into the protein structure of seeds, causing denaturation and reducing germination rates.
Another concern is corrosive fertilizers. Ammonium bicarbonate is both volatile and corrosive, and direct contact with seeds can cause significant damage. Using such fertilizers in traditional Chinese medicine cultivation can lead to poor germination and weak seedlings. If necessary, they should be applied below the seed layer or mixed with other fertilizers like calcium superphosphate to reduce their negative impact.
By using chemical fertilizers wisely and avoiding these harmful types during transplanting, farmers can significantly reduce the risk of seedling burn and improve the overall health of medicinal plants. Proper application methods not only enhance the quality of Chinese medicinal herbs but also increase yield, leading to a more successful harvest in the coming season.
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