**Precocious Emerald Pear: High-Quality and High-Yield Cultivation Techniques**
Published: January 5, 2006
The *Cuiguan* emerald pear, developed by the Department of Horticulture at the Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in collaboration with Hangzhou New Century Green, is a newly bred variety known for its early maturity and superior quality. Since its introduction to several provinces across China, it has gained widespread popularity due to its rapid development and excellent performance.
### Variety Performance
1. **Early Maturity**: The fruit typically matures in mid to late July.
2. **Excellent Quality**: The flesh is tender, crisp, juicy, and sweet, with small fruits containing over 13% soluble solids.
3. **Fruit Characteristics**: Large and uniform in shape, with a high fruit set rate (over 75%) and good commercial value.
4. **Strong Resistance**: The tree shows strong resistance to common pests and diseases under normal growing conditions.
### Garden Construction and Planting
1. **Site Selection**: *Cuiguan* pears adapt well to various terrains, including mountainous areas, plains, and tidal flats. Sandy loam soils with deep layers and low groundwater levels are ideal.
2. **Seedling Quality**: Choose seedlings over 1 meter tall with a trunk diameter of more than 1 cm. The main variety is *Cuiguan*, paired with *Buliang* as a pollinator, in a 4:1 ratio.
3. **Planting Density**: Spacing of 4 meters by 2 meters, resulting in 82 plants per 667 square meters.
4. **Hole Preparation**: Dig holes 80 cm x 80 cm, and mix 50 kg of organic manure, 1 kg of phosphate fertilizer, and soil in each hole.
5. **Planting Time**: Plant in November in areas without extreme cold. After planting, prune to 50 cm and cover with a 1m x 1m plastic mulch to promote growth.
### Soil Management and Fertilization
1. **Deep Soil Turning**: In autumn, enlarge and deepen the soil holes. Every three years, perform deep plowing and apply 50 kg of organic fertilizer and 1 kg of phosphate fertilizer per tree. Maintain a 20 cm layer of mulch or grass around the base.
2. **Top Dressing**: Apply urea (100–150 g per plant) in May, June, and August. Combine with foliar sprays of 0.3% urea. After harvest, apply 1.0–1.5 kg of compound fertilizer per tree.
### Pruning and Training
The *Cuiguan* pear develops a straight trunk with vigorous growth. At a close planting density of 4 m x 2 m, the tree forms a natural happy-shaped crown. Key pruning techniques include:
1. **Stem Height**: Keep the stem around 50 cm to encourage a dwarf structure.
2. **Branch Pulling**: Before June, pull branches to a 70° angle. Winter pruning adjusts this to 60–70°, which helps control vigor, promote flowering, and improve fruit quality.
3. **Winter Pruning**: Focus on shortening the three main branches, while other branches are generally not cut. As the canopy expands, gradually increase shortening to maintain balance and ensure consistent yields.
### Fruit Thinning and Bagging
With a high fruit set rate, thinning is essential to maintain yield stability and improve fruit size and appearance. Thin to 1–2 fruits per cluster, spaced 15–20 cm apart, about 20 days after flowering.
Use special double-layer bags from Taiwan (150 cm x 195 cm) immediately after fruit setting. This enhances color, smoothness, and overall appearance while protecting against pests like *Pygmycta miloides* and *Spodoptera exigua*. Bagging reduces pesticide use, lowers costs, and ensures high-quality production.
### Integrated Pest Control
Effective pest management is crucial for high-yield and high-quality *Cuiguan* pears. Key steps include:
1. **Pre-Sprouting Treatment**: Spray 3–5° lime sulfur before bud break in late February to early March.
2. **Rust Prevention**: After fruit drop, spray 15% triadimefon (1500–2000 times) every 7–10 days for 2–3 applications.
3. **Bagging Preparations**: Before bagging, spray thiophanate (800 times) and pyrethroids (1500–2000 times) to control black spot, aphids, stink bugs, and borers.
4. **Harvest Protection**: Apply carbendazim or omethoate 1–2 times before harvest to extend leaf lifespan and improve fruit quality.
### Author
Written by Gao Wenxiang, Horticultural Engineer, Western Fine Agricultural Research and Development Corporation.
Pacific Saury,Frozen Seafood Pacific Saury,Frozen Pacific Saury,Frozen Seafood Frozen Pacific Saury
ZHEJIANG EVERNEW SEAFOOD CO.,LTD , https://www.evernewseafood.com