First, select the leaf fertilizer that is compatible with the vegetable variety
To harvest leafy, leafy, young stems and leaves of vegetables, should pay attention to the selection of nitrogen-rich leaf fertilizer; to harvest meaty root and tuber-based vegetables, such as radish, potatoes, etc. should be selected potassium-rich Foliar fertilizer. To harvest fruits, fruits, beans, such as vegetables, such as tomatoes, peppers, lentils, etc. should be applied more phosphorus, boron-rich leaf fertilizer; onions, garlic vegetables should choose nitrogen, potassium-based leaves Fertilizer and avoid the use of potassium chloride, human waste and other fertilizers containing more chloride ions.
Second, master the best period of spraying foliar fertilizer
Foliar fertilizer should be sprayed according to the cultivation period of the vegetables. Vegetable seedlings, small growth, nutrient consumption, and easy to spray after spraying harm, should not be sprayed; hairy stems and leaves vigorous growth, strong root absorption, and should not use foliar fertilizer; vegetable product organ formation phase Roots decay, absorption capacity weakens, and nutrient consumption is the greatest, so this period is the best period for spraying foliar fertilizer, which can effectively solve the contradiction between plant vegetative growth and reproductive growth.
Third, according to the growth of vegetables
Strong growth of vegetables, fast growth, generally do not use foliar fertilizer, in particular, should not be supplemented with nitrogen-based leaf fertilizer, can be supplemented with phosphorus, potassium-based leaf fertilizer; when the plant growth is weak, grow Slow, can be added to promote the growth of nitrogen fertilizers, sugar, high protein or nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sugar with fertilization.
IV. Fertilization According to the Fertilizer-requirement of Vegetables
Foliar supplement fertilizers have the most obvious effect on preventing and curing fertilizer-inducing diseases of vegetables. It is necessary to distinguish the symptoms of nitrogen deficiency in vegetables and to timely supplement the foliage according to the conditions of fertilizer deficiency.
V. Foliar Fertilization According to Nutrition Types
The nutrient period of vegetables is the main fertilization period of nitrogen nutrition, and the appropriate fertilization period of phosphorus is seedling stage and fruiting stage. Phosphorus at seedling stage helps to improve flower bud differentiation quality and promote root differentiation. Phosphate fertilizer can be used as a result, and it can promote Fruit development, especially seed development, improves fruit quality. The main fertilization period for potassium, calcium and other trace elements is the result period. During this period, the vegetables have a large amount of growth, need more nutrition, and are sensitive to nutrient deficiency.
6. Pay attention to reasonable foliar nutrient concentration.
(1) Determine the concentration according to the type of fertilizer.
For fertilizers with relatively high water solubility, the concentration of fertilizers is generally low, and the appropriate concentration range is 0.1% to 0.2%. Fertilizers with relatively poor water solubility (such as compound fertilizers, superphosphate, diammonium phosphate, etc.) have higher fertigation concentrations, generally The ratio of fertilizer to water is 1:100 to 200. Nitrogen fertilizer inorganic nitrogen fertilizer (ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen) fertilization concentration should be low, but organic nutrient urea is not easy to damage the leaves, fertilizer concentration may be slightly higher; organic fertilizer concentration may be slightly higher.
(3) Determine the appropriate concentration based on the type of vegetables.
For those vegetables that are sensitive to foliar fertilization reactions, such as cucumber, beans, and pepper, the fertilization concentration should be lower. For fertilized vegetables whose response to foliar fertilizer is relatively slow, such as eggplant and summer squash, the fertilization concentration should be higher.
(3) Determine the appropriate concentration based on the growing period of the vegetables.
Seedling leaf tissue young, poor fertility tolerance, foliar fertilizer concentration should be lower, the adult plant has high fertility, fertilizer concentration should be increased accordingly.
Seventh, other issues that need to pay attention to in foliar fertilization
1. Foliar fertilization cannot replace soil fertilization and photosynthesis.
2. Foliar fertilization interval time should be appropriate, generally 5 to 7 days, the interval of spraying inorganic fertilizers that are easy to produce fertilizer should be longer, generally not less than 7 days; organic fertilizer-based foliar fertilizer The interval can be shortened appropriately, and it is appropriate to use it once every 5 days.
3. Foliar fertilization should be combined with disease prevention.
Foliar fertilization increases the air humidity in the protected area, and it is easy to cause morbidity. Therefore, the disease prevention and control should be strengthened.
4. When fertilizer is improperly produced, use fresh water to wash the leaves, wash excess fertilizer, increase the water content of the leaves, and mitigate the degree of damage to the leaves. At the same time, if the soil is short of water, it can be watered to increase the moisture content of the vegetables and reduce the amount of water in the leaves. Fertilizer concentration.
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