**Cultivation Techniques**
1. **Sowing Time**
The electric heating line is typically sown and planted in mid to late December, depending on the local temperature. If conditions are not ideal, planting can be delayed until mid to late February. It's important to choose the right time to ensure optimal growth.
2. **Soil Conditions**
Selecting well-drained, loose, and fertile soil with low salinity is crucial for successful eggplant cultivation. The soil should allow for easy irrigation and drainage to prevent waterlogging, which can lead to root diseases.
3. **Planting Density**
Maintain an appropriate planting density to promote air circulation and reduce disease risk. A spacing of 45–50 cm between plants and 75–80 cm between rows is recommended. Overcrowding can lead to poor growth and lower yields.
4. **Fertilizer and Water Management**
Each standard greenhouse should receive 20 bags of high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer and 25 kg of compound fertilizer before planting. During the harvesting phase, top-dressing is essential. Apply 5 kg of urea and 5 kg of potassium fertilizer every 7–10 days based on plant growth. Consistent watering and fertilization during this period are key to achieving long-term high yields.
Watering should be done carefully. After planting, avoid watering immediately; wait until the tomato "blinks" (a sign that the plants have adjusted). Water every 4–5 days depending on soil moisture. Proper hydration helps maintain fruit shine and quality.
5. **Pruning and Training**
Remove all old leaves and lateral branches below the eggplant to encourage healthy growth. Keep 2–4 strong main stems on the upper part of the plant. After fruit setting, leave 1–2 leaves on each side branch before harvest. Regularly remove side shoots and lower leaves to improve light exposure and airflow. In the middle to late growth stages, use stakes or ropes to support the plants if needed.
6. **Temperature and Humidity Control**
Maintain a temperature range of 18–35°C for optimal growth. Ventilation should be done from 10–11 AM, and on sunny days, it can be extended slightly. Good ventilation helps control humidity and reduces the risk of fungal diseases.
7. **Hormone Treatment**
To prevent flower and fruit drop, apply a solution of 30–50 ppm tomato spirit (dissolved in alcohol first) or spray 30–40 ppm 2,4-D on buds and pedicels. Adding 1 g/kg of Nulli Ling or Seconin to the solution can help prevent gray mold and Sclerotinia.
8. **Disease and Pest Management**
In winter and spring, common issues include gray mold, Sclerotinia, and aphids. Regular monitoring is essential. Use effective, low-toxicity pesticides promptly when problems arise to protect the crop.
9. **Harvesting and Post-Harvest Care**
Harvest eggplants early in the morning or in the evening when temperatures are cooler. Under favorable conditions, place harvested fruits in plastic bags to maintain moisture. Ensure the external temperature during transportation stays between 8–10°C to preserve quality and extend shelf life.
By following these techniques, growers can achieve higher yields, better fruit quality, and more sustainable production.
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