Flies with a large belly often occur due to several factors. First, when the temperature is below 25°C, flies become less active or even immobile four days after mating. They tend to stay within the cage and do not lay eggs. Second, high humidity can cause the flies' bodies to feel heavy, making them sluggish.
To address this issue, the temperature should be immediately raised above 28°C. Placing freshly fired quicklime (calcium oxide) in the fly-cage area can help increase both temperature and reduce humidity, achieving two benefits at once.
Another common problem is when cultivated fly larvae are too small during peak egg-laying periods. This happens because there are too many eggs in the larvae, leading to overcrowding and insufficient food supply. As a result, the maggots become malnourished, which can also lead to fewer male flies compared to females.
The solution is to transplant the fly larvae into separate pots the day after the eggs hatch, ensuring they have enough space and nutrients for healthy development.
In addition, newly introduced fly species often exhibit larger size, stronger vitality, and higher egg production. However, after multiple generations of selective breeding, the flies may gradually shrink, lose flying ability, and produce fewer eggs. To rejuvenate the population, it's recommended to introduce quail eggs or fly larvae from other research institutions for hybridization. Alternatively, wild fly species can be captured from local areas and bred for improvement.
There are several ways to capture wild flies:
1. Around the maggot farm, some larvae escape and fly into the soil. These wild flies are usually more robust. Collecting these eggs and carefully rearing them into adults can help improve the stock. After disinfection, they can be placed in the fly cage for mating.
2. Using fly traps with bait can attract large numbers of wild flies.
3. During breeding, select strong larvae and provide optimal conditions—such as proper food, water, temperature, humidity, and density—to ensure the development of high-quality populations.
Before changing the earthworms, the pods should be separated. The separated pods need to be soaked and sterilized in a 0.3 ppm potassium permanganate solution. After disinfection, they can be placed back in the breeding room or cage for regeneration, or stored in a refrigerator at around 4°C for later use.
Similarly, each time the fly cage or house is replaced, it must be cleaned and disinfected using either 0.3 ppm potassium permanganate or 2 ppm bleach solution.
If fly maggots constantly climb out of the culture material, it may be due to excessive humidity inside the larvae environment, making them unable to stand. There might also be a lack of food, or the humidity could exceed 90%.
This can be resolved by adding more culture material. If the current material is too wet, dry material can be mixed in. If the breeding room has high humidity, ventilation should be increased on sunny afternoons. In rainy weather, quicklime can be used to absorb excess moisture.
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