Raising astragalus in fish ponds can yield 300 kilograms of fish per acre and 30 kilograms of astragalus mongolicus. While the income from astragalus is relatively modest—around $1,000—the aquaculture efficiency can be significantly increased by integrating both crops and fish. This dual system not only maximizes land use but also improves overall profitability.
The pond covers approximately 10 mu (about 6.7 acres) with an average water depth of 1.2 meters. The structure is sturdy, leak-proof, and well-maintained. There are plenty of aquatic plants around the pond, including dry grass and water peanuts, which occupy about 30% of the total area. These plants provide a natural habitat for yellow pelicans and help maintain ecological balance. The water source is clean, and the pond has convenient water intake and drainage systems to prevent fish escape.
Before stocking, the pond is cleared and treated with lime at a rate of 150 kg per mu, followed by the application of 1,000 kg of manure per mu. After seven days, plankton blooms, creating an ideal environment for fish growth.
Fish stocking typically occurs in late February. A mix of fish species is used: 50% whitefish, 20% silver carp, 15% bighead carp, and 15% grass carp, with an average size of 10 kilograms per acre. Silver carp tend to be larger, with tail weights of around 200 grams. Fingerlings are soaked in 3% saline for 10 minutes before being placed into the pond.
For astragalus seedlings, healthy and disease-free stock is collected during their peak activity season. They are soaked in 3% saline for 5 minutes to remove any unwanted organisms before being stocked at a rate of 30 kg per acre. The size should be uniform to ensure even growth.
In addition to fish, small feeders like eel and loach are introduced at a rate of 20 kg per mu. These species grow quickly and are easy to raise, offering additional income through sale.
Daily management includes regular fertilization. In June, calcium phosphate (5 kg per acre) is applied in the morning, followed by urea (2.5 kg per acre) the next day. Fertilization is done every 10–15 days to maintain good water quality.
Feeding involves using feeds such as soybean meal, corn, bran, and fish meal, with added vitamins. Pellets are made for better digestion. Fish are fed twice daily, with a total feeding amount of 3%–5% of their body weight.
Water quality is regularly monitored. If fish show signs of oxygen depletion, aeration equipment is activated. Freshwater is added weekly during summer and autumn to keep the water "fat, live, tender, and cool."
Disease prevention is crucial. The pond is disinfected every 20 days using 20 kg of lime or 1 kg of bleaching powder per acre. Bait is prepared regularly to support fish health.
When adult fish are ready for harvest, they are caught in batches to maintain proper density. Large nets with wide mesh are used to avoid injuring smaller fish. Harvesting is timed with astragalus collection, targeting fish over 150 grams. Methods include trap nets and cages to ensure efficient and sustainable fishing.
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